A Comprehensive Review Hybrid Free-Space Optical (FSO) And Radio Frequency (RF) Communication Systems

A Comprehensive Review Hybrid Free-Space Optical (FSO) And Radio Frequency (RF) Communication Systems

Abdikarim Ismail Abdi 1, Er. Amandeep Kaur Brar 2,

1 Scholar at Department of Electronics and communication Engineering, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab - 147002, India

cabdikariim025@gmail.com

2 Assistant Professor at Department of Electronics and communication Engineering, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab - 147002, India

amanbrar123@gmail.com

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ABSTRACT
The combination of Free-Space Optical (FSO) and Radio Frequency (RF) communication technologies has garnered considerable interest owing to their complementary attributes, which may improve the deficiencies of each system independently. Hybrid FSO/RF systems integrate the elevated data rates and minimal latency of FSO with the durability and extensive coverage of RF, rendering them appropriate for diverse applications, such as mobile networks and satellite communication. This study offers a thorough examination of current developments in hybrid FSO/RF communication systems, emphasizing performance evaluation, system topologies, and optimization strategies. We study essential technologies such Alamouti coding, antenna selection, relay selection, connection adaption, and security methods. The study examines the implementation of hybrid systems in 5G and forthcoming networks, with rising developments in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) to augment system performance.

Keywords

Hybrid Communication Systems, Free-Space Optical (FSO), Radio Frequency (RF), Alamouti Coding, Link Adaptation, Relay Selection, Antenna Diversity, 5G Networks, Machine Learning, Security, FSO/RF Integration, System Performance, Atmospheric Turbulence, Communication Networks, Next-Generation Networks, Wireless Communications