Effects of Simulated Surface Roughness on Flow Characteristics in Symmetrical Airfoil

: Managing wing roughness to reduce drag and support by contributing towards the stabilization. This work is inspired by the phenomenon of sand paper to investigate the concept of roughness control on an aircraft wing. Similar to the quality of the sand paper based on the grate of the sand paper, the concept of providing rough detail on wings can reduce skin drag and increase aerodynamic efficiency. Using an integrated plane design optimization, we use wind tunnel measurements to investigate the effects of boundary fabric, response behavior and overall attenuations. The study investigated how roughness control interacts with other design elements such as wing shape and material selection to achieve the best aerodynamic performance. This research is helping develop next-generation aircraft that use roughness-inspired designs to achieve significant fuel savings and environmental benefits through effective coordination.