A Experimental study on cement-free block using perlite and bentonite

The experimental investigation on GGBS–lime– bentonite–perlite based cement-free blocks demonstrates that the material system is capable of producing structurally efficient and durable masonry units under ambient curing conditions. The compressive strength results reveal that strength increases with curing age for all mixes. The optimum performance was achieved by Sample 3, attaining a maximum strength of about 24 N/mm² at 28 days, which is significantly higher than the nominal mix. This indicates efficient geopolymer/pozzolanic reaction and strong binder formation. In contrast, Sample 1 showed lower strength , while Sample 2 showed higher strength . From the density test, all the samples exhibited densities within the permissible range of 1800– 2400 kg/m³ (IS 2185:2008), confirming that the developed blocks qualify as normal-weight structural blocks. Among the mixes, the nominal mix showed slightly higher density, while increasing perlite content reduced density due to its lightweight and porous nature. Overall, Sample 3 is identified as the optimum mix, providing the best balance between strength, durability, and density. The study confirms that GGBS-based cement-free blocks can successfully replace conventional concrete blocks, offering a sustainable, eco-friendly, and high-performance alternative for construction applications.

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