A Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System with Integrated Energy Management and Power Quality Enhancement Functions Utilising a Split Source Inverter

The proposed Multi-Functional Grid-Tied PV System using a Split Source Inverter offers an efficient and economical solution for modern renewable energy integration. By replacing the conventional two-stage converter with a single-stage SSI, the system achieves higher efficiency, reduced hardware complexity, and lower switching losses. In addition to maximum power extraction, it provides essential grid-support services such as reactive power compensation, harmonic mitigation, voltage regulation, and power factor correction. Simulation results confirm improved power quality, stable operation, and compliance with IEEE-519 standards, making the proposed system well suited for future smart grid and distributed energy applications. split-source inverter (SSI) is proposed for single-stage multi-functional grid-connected (MFGC) systems due to its ability to work as a full active power filter (F-APF) in addition to its fewer number of components. Furthermore, a robust control scheme based on SMC theory is designed for the proposed system to achieve multiple functionalities including PV power generation, harmonic elimination and reactive power compensation at the grid side. Furthermore, the selections of the sliding surface and the stability analysis have been studied to confirm the proper functionality of the system and its high range of robustness. The obtained simulation and experimental results confirm the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed control scheme in terms of regulation of DC input current, DClink voltage regulation, grid current quality enhancement, power management, transient and steady state performance. Moreover, the THD in both results across all operating modes remain within the IEEE standard limit of 5%. Furthermore, the SSI topology exhibits smooth transition between the various operating modes including partial APF, real power injection, and full APF which makes it an excellent fit for such applications.

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