A Review of Decentralized Energy Management Strategies for Microgrids and Optimization Approaches

In recent decades, there has been a growing interest in microgrids, localized, independent energy systems operating independently or in conjunction with the utility power grid. Microgrids are a vital area of study in the power sector because of their unique characteristics, such as using renewable energy resources and eliminating the need for power transmission. Energy management of microgrids is an inevitable research paradigm due to the intermittent nature of distributed generation resources and the need to improvise the microgrid’s economic feasibility. Recent literature reviews the various facets of EMS and the optimization techniques used in the EMS framework for microgrids-specific Energy Management Systems (EMS). The paper focuses on various optimization techniques used for energy management, evaluates the factors affecting the performance of the algorithms, and proposes the enhancement of the optimization algorithm. Further, the paper suggests an improvised version of the optimization algorithm to enhance the convergence and focus on the cost-effectiveness of the Energy management system.