A Review of Photovoltaic Cell and its Future Trends

Today energy is the main inspiration for nation economic development. Sun is large source of free energy, so we are getting large amount of free energy from the Sun. Out of which only a small energy is used. The light come from the sun is a non-destroyable source of energy which is free from environmental pollution and noise. Solar Photovoltaic technology used for conversion of sunlight energy into electrical energy. Solar cells mostly manufactured from Silicon material. Such silicon material is a base of solar cells. The first generation solar cells grown on Silicon wafers, mainly single crystals. Afterward to develop a thin films dye sensitized solar cells. Also organic solar cells was developed for enhance the cell efficiency. Such development is basically depending on the cost and efficiency. The aim of this paper is to discuss the different types of photovoltaic cells and focus on the current research directions on their development and manufacturing technologies.