A Review of Stress Analysis and Advanced FEA Techniques in Automotive Suspension Systems

The lower control arm (LCA) is an essential component of a vehicle’s suspension system, responsible for maintaining stability, improving handling, and enhancing passenger comfort. This paper examines different approaches and findings regarding the stress analysis and optimisation of LCAs using CAD modelling and Finite Element Analysis (FEA). The analysis primarily aims to identify regions with high stress concentration, specifically in very near proximity to the top mounting point. It also examines various optimisation techniques, such as topology and shape optimisation, surrogate modelling, and multi-objective optimisation. Significant studies emphasise the efficacy of these techniques in decreasing weight, enhancing structural strength, and enhancing fatigue resistance. By combining dynamic analysis, material selection, and advanced optimisation methods, substantial enhancements in LCA performance and cost efficiency are attained. This review offers a thorough comprehension of current methodologies and upcoming approaches for enhancing life cycle assessments (LCAs) in automotive suspension systems.