A Review on Culture, Production and Use of Spirulina as Food for Humans and Feeds for Domestic Animals and Fish

This paper presents a comprehensive review of Spirulina’s culture, production methods, nutritional composition, health benefits, and applications as food for humans and feeds for domestic animals and fish. Spirulina, a cyanobacterium rich in protein, essential nutrients, and bioactive compounds, holds promise as a sustainable solution to address global food security challenges. The review synthesizes existing literature and research findings to provide insights into Spirulina’s cultivation techniques, nutritional value, health-promoting properties, environmental considerations, and socio-economic implications. Additionally, the paper discusses future research directions and policy recommendations to maximize Spirulina’s potential in promoting human and animal health, enhancing food and nutrition security, and fostering sustainable agriculture practices.