A Review on Greenhouse Monitoring and Control System Using Internet of Things (IoT)

The Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as a transformative technology in agriculture, particularly for automating greenhouse monitoring and control systems. This literature survey explores the application of IoT in greenhouses, focusing on the integration of Arduino microcontrollers, Node microcontrollers and environmental sensors to manage crucial factors such as temperature, humidity, and soil moisture. The review highlights the advantages of these systems, including increased crop yields, optimized resource use, and reduced labour costs. Despite these benefits, challenges related to scalability, network reliability, sensor accuracy, and the integration of advanced analytics like artificial intelligence (AI) remain significant. This survey identifies current research gaps and proposes solutions to enhance the efficiency, adaptability, and sustainability of IoT-based greenhouse systems, positioning them as a key driver for the future of precision agriculture.