A Strong Digital Image Watermarking Techniques Using Transform-Domain Methods

– As digital content becomes more widely shared, protecting intellectual property through digital watermarking is essential. This paper offers a detailed review of watermarking techniques that use transform-domain methods, including Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD). These methods provide better resistance to common image processing attacks while maintaining high imperceptibility and supporting various application scenarios. By examining key contributions from recent studies, this article shows the development of hybrid watermarking schemes, compares their performance, and points out trends in colour watermarking and optimization-based methods. The findings are helpful for researchers and practitioners working on secure and durable watermarking systems.