AN EFFECTIVE ENERGY EFFICIENT LEACH PROTOCOL IN WSN

The paper you mentioned proposes a Multi-Hop LEACH energy efficient routing protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) that aims to address the challenge of limited battery life in WSNs. The protocol utilizes a combination of particle swarm optimization technique and E-LEACH protocol, along with a multi-hop network design. The networking concept is divided into multiple layers to facilitate network engineering. The proposed protocol utilizes the Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) algorithm to ensure a balance between energy consumption and delay in WSNs. LEACH is a popular algorithm for energy-efficient clustering in WSNs. The protocol selects nodes with the maximum residual energy to forward the data to the base station, which helps to achieve a better packet delivery ratio with lesser energy utilization. To further improve the energy efficiency of the WSN, the paper proposes a novel modified routing algorithm that considers both the residual energy of the nodes and the average energy of the networks. This algorithm ensures that the nodes with the highest residual energy are selected for data forwarding to the base station, thus extending the lifetime of the WSN. Overall, the paper presents a useful approach for addressing the energy efficiency challenge in WSNs. By utilizing a combination of optimization techniques and clustering algorithms, the proposed protocol can help extend the lifetime of WSNs, making them more practical for a wide range of applications.