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Paper ID:IJSREM67860

An Evidence-Aware Framework for Cross-Artefact Windows Browser Forensic Investigation and User Activity Reconstruction

Stream/Area:

-

Subject:

-

Paper ID:

IJSREM67860

Volume:

10 |

10 |

Oct 2026

Pages:

1-9

Publication Frequency:

Monthly (12 issues per year)

DOI
Digital Object Identifier
10.55041/IJSREM67860

License:International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management follows the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) License, allowing free use and distribution with proper attribution.

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Authors

ARI

AISHA RABIU IBRAHIM

FORENSIC SCIENCE

Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur

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AKS

Akash Kumar Singh

FORENSIC SCIENCE

Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur

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AM

Abdulrahim Magaji

FORENSIC SCIENCE

Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur

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Mentors

AKS

Akash Kumar Singh

FORENSIC SCIENCE

Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur

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Abstract

Web browsers are a principal source of digital evidence on Windows systems, yet records are distributed across multiple browsers, profiles, storage formats and operating-system artefacts. The reviewed literature addresses artefact analysis, acquisition constraints and general timeline reconstruction, but an integrated treatment of evidence completeness, corroboration, potentially inconsistent evidence and traceability from findings to source evidence is not evident for Windows browser evidence. This paper proposes an evidence-aware framework for Windows browser forensic investigation and user activity reconstruction. The framework organizes the investigation as a layered lifecycle from case management, discovery, acquisition and preservation, through normalization and cross-browser and cross-artefact correlation, to a forensic intelligence module, activity reconstruction, visualization, traceable findings and audit. A unified evidence model links evidence items, artefacts, events, relationships, activities and findings. The forensic intelligence module comprises evidence-quality assessment, corroboration, contradiction flagging, traceability, anti-forensic review, reconciliation and hypothesis testing; its outputs support investigator judgement and do not determine truth, intent, identity, authorship or legal responsibility. The principal contribution is integrating these functions into a coherent, testable architecture. An evaluation methodology based on ten controlled ground-truth scenarios and measurable dimensions is specified. No empirical results are reported; implementation and empirical validation are required before effectiveness can be claimed.

KEYWORDS

Windows browser forensics digital evidence cross-artefact correlation user activity reconstruction evidence provenance forensic intelligence.

Cite This Article

AISHA RABIU IBRAHIM, Akash Kumar Singh, Abdulrahim Magaji, Akash Kumar Singh, "An Evidence-Aware Framework for Cross-Artefact Windows Browser Forensic Investigation and User Activity Reconstruction," International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management, vol. 10, no. 10, pp. 1-9, Oct 2026. https://doi.org/10.55041/IJSREM67860

Full Article/Conclusion

Windows browser evidence is fragmented across browsers, profiles, artefact types and operating-system sources, and isolated analysis can leave completeness, support, inconsistency and traceability unaddressed. This paper proposed an evidence-aware framework that carries evidence from acquisition and preservation, through a unified evidence model and cross-browser and cross-artefact correlation, to a forensic intelligence module, activity reconstruction and traceable reporting, without determining truth, intent, identity or authorship. Its principal contribution is the integration of these functions into a coherent, testable architecture that responds to the gaps supported by the examined evidence, and a controlled ground-truth evaluation methodology was specified. Because no implementation or empirical evaluation has been performed, effectiveness remains unproven and empirical validation is necessary.

References

[1]    J. Oh, S. Lee, and S. Lee, “Advanced evidence collection and analysis of web browser activity,” Digit. Investig., vol. 8, suppl., pp. S62–S70, 2011, doi: 10.1016/j.diin.2011.05.008. [2]    M. T. Pereira, “Forensic analysis of the Firefox 3 Internet history and recovery of deleted SQLite records,” Digit. Investig., vol. 5, no. 3–4, pp. 93–103, 2009, doi: 10.1016/j.diin.2009.01.003. [3]    B. Jeong, S. Lee, and J. Park, “MIC: Memory analysis of IndexedDB data on Chromium-based applications,” Forensic Sci. Int., Digit. Investig., vol. 50, Art. no. 301809, 2024. [4]    Google Security Blog, “Improving the security of Chrome cookies on Windows,” Jul. 30, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://security.googleblog.com/2024/07/improving-security-of-chrome-cookies-on.html [5]    G. Aggarwal, E. Bursztein, C. Jackson, and D. Boneh, “An analysis of private browsing modes in modern browsers,” in Proc. 19th USENIX Security Symp., Washington, DC, USA, Aug. 2010. [6]    D. J. Ohana and N. Shashidhar, “Do private and portable web browsers leave incriminating evidence? A forensic analysis of residual artifacts from private and portable web browsing sessions,” EURASIP J. Inf. Secur., vol. 2013, Art. no. 6, 2013, doi: 10.1186/1687-417X-2013-6. [7]    M. Muir, P. Leimich, and W. J. Buchanan, “A forensic audit of the Tor Browser Bundle,” Digit. Investig., vol. 29, pp. 118–128, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.diin.2019.03.009. [8]    G.-Y. Choi, J. Bang, S. Lee, and J. Park, “Chracer: Memory analysis of Chromium-based browsers,” Forensic Sci. Int., Digit. Investig., vol. 46, suppl., Art. no. 301613, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.fsidi.2023.301613. [9]    F. Iqbal, Z. Khalid, A. Marrington, B. Shah, and P. C. K. Hung, “Forensic investigation of Google Meet for memory and browser artifacts,” Forensic Sci. Int., Digit. Investig., vol. 42, Art. no. 301448, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.fsidi.2022.301448. [10]  K. Kent, S. Chevalier, T. Grance, and H. Dang, “Guide to integrating forensic techniques into incident response,” National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA, NIST Spec. Publ. 800-86, 2006, doi: 10.6028/NIST.SP.800-86.

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Publication Date

10/13/2026

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