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Stream/Area:
-
Subject:
-
Paper ID:
IJSREM65883
Volume:
10 |
7 |
Jul 2026
Pages:
1-13
Publication Frequency:
Monthly (12 issues per year)
License:International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management follows the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) License, allowing free use and distribution with proper attribution.
Pharmacology
Kalyani Charitable Trust’s Ravindra Gambhirrao Sapkal College Of Pharmacy
Pharmacology
Kalyani Charitable Trust’s Ravindra Gambhirrao Sapkal College Of Pharmacy
Pharmacology
Kalyani Charitable Trust’s Ravindra Gambhirrao Sapkal College Of Pharmacy
Pharmacology
Kalyani Charitable Trust’s Ravindra Gambhirrao Sapkal College Of Pharmacy
Pharmacology
Kalyani Charitable Trust’s Ravindra Gambhirrao Sapkal College Of Pharmacy
Pharmacology
Kalyani Charitable Trust’s Ravindra Gambhirrao Sapkal College Of Pharmacy
Pharmacology
Kalyani Charitable Trust’s Ravindra Gambhirrao Sapkal College Of Pharmacy
The pain and inflammation are complex biological processes that are linked to many acute and chronic disorders. While effective, these conventional treatments also have side effects like gastrointestinal irritation, renal toxicity, and dependence, creating a need for safer alternative treatments. The natural diversity of phytochemicals and multi-target activity of medicinal plants has made them a hotspot for future research in the development of new anti-inflammatory and analgesic compounds. In this review, two important medicinal plants, Nardostachys jatamansi and Pongamia pinnata, were discussed, along with their phytochemical composition and the pharmacological mechanisms involved in pain and inflammation management. Nardostachys jatamansi is abundant in sesquiterpenes, lignans, and phenolic compounds, which are known for their neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects through regulation of cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6, as well as the NF-κB signaling pathway. Pongamia pinnata contains bioactive furanoflavonoids, chalcones and phenolics like karanjin and pongamol with potent COX and LOX inhibitory activity, thereby lowering the inflammatory responses mediated by prostaglandins. Experimental and in silico studies also highlight their antinociceptive actions, mediated both centrally and peripherally, including interactions with opioid receptors, inhibition of nitric oxide, and modulation of ion channels. Multiple phytoconstituents act synergistically in both plants, yielding a wide range of therapeutic activities that make them promising candidates for the development of plant-based formulations of analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs. This review also highlights recent pharmacological insights, mechanisms of action, and future perspectives such as clinical validation and nanoformulation approaches to improve the bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy.
KEYWORDS
Future studies should focus on conducting in-depth human clinical trials to translate current in vitro and animal model studies into standardized, safe therapeutic interventions (Dragoș et al., 2017). In addition, understanding the molecular mechanisms that underlie the interactions between these plants will be crucial to overcoming the current lack of evidence in humans and make these extracts a viable evidence-based alternative for the treatment of chronic joint disorders (Bhattacharya et al., 2020, p. 5; Melinte et al., 2021, p. 64). The bioavailability and targeted tissue accumulation of these phytomolecules can be further improved by using an advanced nanocarrier-based delivery system, which can overcome the pharmacokinetic limitations of conventional herbal preparations (Madan et al., 2022, p. 994). Moreover, the gastrointestinal absorption and systemic metabolism of herbs remain important issues to resolve for the successful clinical translation of herbal therapies, and thorough pharmacokinetic research is crucial to address current concerns (Mobasheri, 2012, p. 613).
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Publication Date
7/7/2026
Peer Review Type
Double-Blind Peer Review
Review Rounds: 2
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