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Stream/Area:
-
Subject:
-
Paper ID:
IJSREM61216
Volume:
10 |
4 |
April 2026
Pages:
1-8
Publication Frequency:
Monthly (12 issues per year)
License:International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management follows the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) License, allowing free use and distribution with proper attribution.
Department of Civil Engineering
, PRMIT&R, Badnera
Department of Civil Engineering
, PRMIT&R, Badnera
Elevated reinforced cement concrete (RCC) water tanks are critical infrastructure components, especially in seismic-prone regions, where their structural integrity directly impacts public safety and service continuity. This review paper synthesizes findings from various studies focusing on the seismic behavior of elevated water tanks with different geometries, capacities, and operating conditions. The analysis highlights the comparative performance of circular and rectangular tanks under varying seismic zones, water filling conditions, and soil types, primarily using STAAD.Probased modeling approaches. The reviewed literature indicates that circular tanks consistently demonstrate better seismic resistance due to their uniform geometry, resulting in reduced stress concentrations and lateral displacements. Factors such as tank height, staging configuration, and foundation conditions significantly influence seismic response, with increased height and soft soil conditions amplifying structural demands. Additionally, partially filled tanks are identified as the most critical condition due to asymmetric mass distribution. The review also emphasizes the importance of adhering to design codes and adopting optimized construction practices to enhance durability and performance. Overall, the study underscores the need for integrated design approaches that consider geometric, structural, and operational parameters to ensure the safety and efficiency of elevated water tanks in seismic regions.
KEYWORDS
The reviewed studies collectively highlight the critical influence of geometry, height, soil conditions, and operational parameters on the seismic performance of elevated RCC water tanks. A consistent observation across the literature is that circular tanks exhibit superior structural behavior compared to rectangular configurations due to their geometric symmetry, which ensures uniform stress distribution and reduced lateral displacement. The effect of tank height is also significant, as increased height leads to higher base shear and displacement, thereby increasing seismic vulnerability. Additionally, the filling condition of tanks plays a crucial role, with partially filled tanks often experiencing the most critical stress conditions due to unsymmetrical mass distribution. Soil characteristics further influence seismic response, where soft soils tend to amplify structural demands. The use of STAAD.Pro for modeling and analysis has proven effective in evaluating these parameters and guiding design improvements. Overall, the studies emphasize the importance of adopting optimized design strategies, incorporating seismic code provisions, and ensuring proper construction practices. Circular and Intze-type tanks are recommended for earthquake-prone regions due to their enhanced stability and efficiency, while careful consideration of staging, foundation, and operational conditions is essential for achieving safe and economical designs.
Load Comparative Analysis of Overhead Intake Water Tanks with Unfilled, Half Filled and Completely Filled Condition in Earthquake III to V-Zone,” [Online]. Available: https://www.academia.edu/download/124473622/Seismic_and _Wind_Load_Comparative_Analysis_of_Overhead_Intake_ Water_Tanks.pdf 2. A. Q. Ali and D. P. Telang, “A survey on dynamic analysis of elevated water tank for different staging configuration,” International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing, vol. 6, no. 5, pp. 194–201, 2017. 3. T. Anjum and M. Zameeruddin, “Evaluation of efficacy of the elevated water tank under the seismic loads,” International Journal of Civil Engineering, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 20–26, 2021. 4. .R. J. Aware and D. V. S. Mathada, “Seismic performance of circular elevated water tank,” International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), 2016. [Online]. Available: https://www.academia.edu/download/88543812/a5068854db8 8aff44af6af18db20818aeb1b.pdf 5. K. Buwade and V. K. S. Chandrakar, “A Review: Optimized Design Guidelines and Construction Practices for Elevated Water Tanks,” 2024. [Online]. Available: https://www.irjweb.com/A%20REVIEW%20OPTIMIZED%2 0DESIGN%20GUIDELINES%20AND%20CONSTRUCTIO N%20PRACTICES%20FOR%20ELEVATED%20WATER% 20TANKS.pdf 6. K. Dhamija, O. H. Bindu, N. U. Reddy, R. Sobti, Q. Mohammad, R. Kalra, and B. N. Goud, “Construction and seismic performance evaluation of concrete water tanks,” E3S Web of Conferences, vol. 552, p. 01141, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://www.e3sconferences.org/articles/e3sconf/abs/2024/82/e3sconf_icmpc2 024_01141/e3sconf_icmpc2024_01141.html 7. S. W. Dhengare, U. P. Waghe, A. Dakhole, and R. M. Bhagat, “Evaluation of various-shaped elevated RCC water storage vessels in zone V,” AIP Conference Proceedings, vol. 3231, no. 1, p. 060016, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://pubs.aip.org/aip/acp/articleabstract/3231/1/060016/3320798 8. D. Gadekar and R. Patel, “Design and analysis of under ground water tank considering different fill conditions using STAAD.Pro,” International Journal of Scientific Research in Civil Engineering, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 38–46, 2022. 9. N. Hariteja, Y. Kaushik, M. R. Varma, S. Sharma, and S. Pathania, “Seismic assessment of elevated circular water tank,” International Journal of Engineering Technology Science and Research, 2016. 10. A. Kumar and B. Patil, “Comparative analysis of STAAD Pro V8 software and manual design for elevated circular tank design,” Journal of Scientific Research and Technology, pp. 42–63, 2023.
Publication Date
4/29/2026
Peer Review Type
Double-Blind Peer Review
Review Rounds: 2
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