Analysis of Lead Rubber Bearing Base Isolation for Vertically Irregular High-Rise Structures

Earthquakes create major risks for tall and irregular buildings. Traditional fixed-base buildings face high seismic forces, leading to damage in structural and non-structural parts. In this study, the effect of lead rubber bearing (LRB) base isolation on a G+13 vertically irregular reinforced concrete building is examined. The model is analysed using both Response Spectrum Method and Time History Method as per IS 1893:2016. Seismic zones III, IV, and V are considered to understand the behaviour under different earthquake intensities. Key parameters such as storey displacement, storey drift, storey shear, and overturning moment are compared for fixed-base design (FBD) and isolated design (LRB). The results show that while displacements and drifts are higher in the isolated model, the storey shear and overturning moment reduce by nearly 25–30%. This confirms that LRB isolation reduces seismic demand on the superstructure, improving safety and reducing possible damage. The study concludes that lead rubber bearing base isolation is a suitable method to enhance earthquake performance of vertically irregular multi-storey buildings.