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Stream/Area:
-
Subject:
-
Paper ID:
IJSREM62977
Volume:
10 |
5 |
May 2026
Pages:
1-3
Publication Frequency:
Monthly (12 issues per year)
License:International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management follows the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) License, allowing free use and distribution with proper attribution.

Department of Electrical and electronics engineering
Dr. ambedkar institute of technology banglore

Department of Electrical and electronics engineering
Dr. ambedkar institute of technology banglore

Department of Electrical and electronics engineering
Dr. ambedkar institute of technology banglore

Department of Electrical and electronics engineering
Dr. ambedkar institute of technology banglore

Department of Electrical and electronics engineering
Dr. ambedkar institute of technology banglore
This project presents the design and implementation of an Automatic Solar Tracker Robot (ASTR) controlled by an ESP32 microcontroller. The system integrates dual-axis solar tracking with robotic mobility to maximize energy harvesting compared to conventional fixed panels. Sunlight intensity is detected using Light Dependent Resistors (LDRs), and DC motors adjust the panel’s orientation in real time. Voltage and current sensors continuously monitor electrical output, which is displayed on a 2×16 LCD, while a 12V lead-acid battery stores the generated energy. Wireless manual control is enabled through an HC-05 Bluetooth module. The firmware, developed in Embedded C using the Arduino IDE, incorporates closed-loop algorithms for tracking, calibrated measurement routines, and Bluetooth command parsing. The experimental evaluation confirms that the prototype improves energy utilization and offers a portable renewable energy solution suitable for field applications.
KEYWORDS
The Automatic Solar Tracker Robot (ASTR) demonstrates effective integration of hardware and software to deliver a portable, intelligent, and energy-efficient solution. Its continuous tracking capability improves solar energy utilization, while wireless control and real-time monitoring expand its usefulness in field applications. The system shows strong potential for deployment in off-grid agricultural areas, mobile energy platforms, and disaster recovery operations. Future enhancements may focus on improving dual-axis tracking accuracy, incorporating IoT-based monitoring for remote supervision, and upgrading battery capacity to ensure longer operational endurance.
[1] M. A. Al-Sheikh, “IoT-Enabled Dual-Axis Solar Tracking System Using ESP32 and Blynk for Real-Time Monitoring and Energy Optimization,” Jupiter Journal of Electrical & Informatics Engineering, vol. 3, no. 1, 2025. e-ISSN: 3031-349X. [2] A. D. Morales et al., “Maximum Solar Energy Tracking Leverage: High-DoF Robotics System with Deep Reinforcement Learning,” arXiv Preprint, vol. 13, 2025. Electronic ISSN: 2169-3536. [3] A. Jiang et al., “V-Model Based Integration of Mechatronics and Power Electronics in Solar Tracking Systems,” IEEE Xplore, 2024. arXiv:2411.14568. [4] Z. K. Aeiaz, M. Sameer, M. Shahid, and A. Mohd, “Design and Development of Solar Powered Automated Grass Cutting Machine,” International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology (IJRASET), 2023. [5] IJERT, “LDR-Based Sun Tracking,” International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT), vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 215–219, 2022. [6] A. Abdelaziz et al., “Simultaneous Placement of Multiple Rooftop Solar PV Integrated Electric Vehicle Charging Stations for Reliability Benefits,” Energy Reports, 2022. [7] R. K. Gaur and A. Goel, “Dual Axis Solar Tracker and Battery Management System,” International Journal of Thoughts (IJCRT), 2021. [8] Y. M. Chen, C. C. Lin, Y. C. Chang, and H. C. Wu, “Energy Recovery and Harvesting in Electric and Fuel Cell Vehicles: A Review of Recent Advances,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 117, pp. 109–124, 2020. [9] R. Haripriesth, S. S. Kumar, and M. R. Prakash, “Solar Tracking of EV Charging System Using IoT,” International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), vol. 7, no. 5, pp. 245–250, 2020. [10] M. Kuss and A. Pratt, “Vehicle-Solar Grid Integration in a Commercial School Bus Operation,” IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 456–464, 2019.
Publication Date
5/9/2026
Peer Review Type
Double-Blind Peer Review
Review Rounds: 2
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Conflict of Interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest related to this research work.
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No funding information available for this research.
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