Big Data in Healthcare – A Comprehensive Review

Big Data has revolutionized the healthcare industry by enabling the collection, storage, and analysis of vast amounts of medical information from diverse sources such as electronic health records (EHRs), medical imaging, wearable devices, genomic data, and real-time patient monitoring. The integration of advanced analytics, artificial intelligence (AI), and machine learning (ML) has significantly enhanced clinical decision-making, disease prediction, personalized treatment, and public health management. This paper explores the transformative role of Big Data in healthcare, focusing on its key applications, including predictive analytics, precision medicine, and operational efficiency. Additionally, it discusses the major challenges associated with Big Data adoption, such as data privacy concerns, interoperability issues, security risks, and regulatory constraints.