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Paper ID:IJSREM64291

Bridging the Gap: Cross-Lingual Transfer Learning to Address Data Scarcity in Igbo Dialects for Machine Translation

Stream/Area:

-

Subject:

-

Paper ID:

IJSREM64291

Volume:

10 |

5 |

May 2026

Pages:

1-12

Publication Frequency:

Monthly (12 issues per year)

DOI
Digital Object Identifier
10.55041/IJSREM64291

License:International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management follows the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) License, allowing free use and distribution with proper attribution.

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Authors

PN

Paul Nosike

Department of Computer Engineering

College of Engineering, Wigwe University, Isiokpo, Rivers State, Nigeria

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CFC

Chibuike Franklin Chijioke

Department of Computer Science

Millennium College of Nursing Sciences Awka, Anambra State, NigeriaCollege of Engineering, Wigwe University, Isiokpo, Rivers State, Nigeria

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Abstract

Data scarcity and dialectal variation remain significant bottlenecks in developing robust Natural Language Processing (NLP) technologies for under-resourced languages. Igbo is a low-resource language in NLP due to a severe lack of high-quality digital corpora, annotated datasets, and specialised toolkits compared to dominant languages. This deficit hinders the development of basic AI tasks like machine translation and text summarisation. This paper seeks to bridge the gap between deep learning and sociolinguistic realities of Igbo by exploring cross-lingual transfer learning to address the challenges of data scarcity and dialectical variation within the context of Neural Machine Translation (NMT) for Igbo. By leveraging parameter sharing and large-scale multilingual pre-trained models, the data gap between standard and dialectal Igbo is bridged. The findings indicate that cross-lingual transfer significantly improves translation fidelity.

KEYWORDS

Cross-Lingual Transfer Learning; Neural Machine Translation; Igbo Language; Low-Resource NLP; Dialectal Variation.

Cite This Article

Paul Nosike, Chibuike Franklin Chijioke, "Bridging the Gap: Cross-Lingual Transfer Learning to Address Data Scarcity in Igbo Dialects for Machine Translation," International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management, vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 1-12, May 2026. https://doi.org/10.55041/IJSREM64291

Full Article/Conclusion

Transfer learning is a highly effective solution for data-scarce indigenous languages, overcoming the severe data limitations they face. By leveraging pre-trained models from high-resource languages, algorithms adapt to target indigenous languages using minimal data. This approach achieves high performance in machine translation and semantic understanding without needing massive, expensive, original datasets.   To bridge the digital language gap and ensure accurate, localised dialect representation in AI, researchers should adopt a community-centric participatory framework. This includes using native speakers to crowdsource localised texts and leveraging advanced foundational models to scale these efforts.

References

Abdulyekeen, R. & Abdullahi, B. A. (2026). Cross-Lingual Sentiment Analysis with Natural Language Processing: Insights from Selected Nigeria Languages (Yoruba, Hausa, Igbo, and Nigerian Pidgin). Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS, 4(1), 60-86. DOI: 10.58578/mikailalsys.v4i1.8596 Adebara, I., Elmadany, A., Abdul-Mageed, M., & Alcoba, A. (2023). SERENGETI: Massively Multilingual Language Models for Africa. Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2023, 1498-1537. DOI:10.18653/v1/2023.findings-acl.97 Agbeyangi, A. O., Eludiora, S. I. & Adenekan, A. O. (2015). English to Yorúbà Machine Translation System Using Rule-Based Approach. Journal of Multidisciplinary Engineering Science and Technology, 2(8), 2275-2280. https://www.jmest.org/wp-content/uploads/JMESTN42351018.pdf Akwanya, A. N. (2025). Nigerian English Writing and Translation: The Fate of the Vernacular Literature and Culture. Journal of Creative Research in English Literature and Culture (JCRELC), 1(3), 16-25. Available at: https://jcrelc.com/assets/articles_menuscripts/file/JCRELC-NOV-2025-3.pdf Alabi, J. O., Adelani, D. I., Mosbach, M., & Klakow, D. (2022, Oct 18). Adapting Pre-trained Language Models to African Languages via Multilingual Adaptive Fine-Tuning. https://arxiv.org/abs/2204.06487 Artiba (2025, Jun 4). Synthetic Data in AI: Benefits, Use Cases & Impact. https://www.artiba.org/blog/synthetic-data-in-ai-benefits-use-cases-and-impact Asprovska, M. and Hunter, N. (2024). The Tokenization Problem: Understanding Generative AI's Computational Language Bias. Ubiquity Proceedings, Article 1. DOI: 10.5334/uproc.123 Ayogu, I. I., Adetunmbi, A. O., & Ojokoh, B. O. (2018). Developing Statistical Machine Translation System for English and Nigerian Languages. Asian Journal of Research in Computer Science 1(4), 1-8. Belay, T. D., Azime, I. A., Ahmad, I. S., Adelani, D. I., Abdulmumin, I., Ayele, A. A., Muhammad, S. H., & Yimam, S. M. (2025). AfroXLMR-Social: Adapting Pre-trained Language Models for African Languages Social Media Text. In Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2025, 15570–15587, Suzhou, China. Bilali, H. (2025, Sep 22). Nigeria Launches N-ATLAS, an AI Language Model in Yoruba, Igbo, Hausa, and Nigerian English. https://www.wearetech.africa/en/fils-uk/news/tech/nigeria-launches-n-atlas-an-ai-language-model-in-yoruba-igbo-hausa-and-nigerian-english Boujkian, S. (2025). Improving Low-Resource Machine Translation via Cross-Linguistic Transfer from Typologically Similar High-Resource Languages. https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.00045

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Publication Date

5/29/2026

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Review Rounds: 2

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