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Paper ID:IJSREM61837

Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS)

Stream/Area:

-

Subject:

-

Paper ID:

IJSREM61837

Volume:

10 |

4 |

April 2026

Pages:

1-8

Publication Frequency:

Monthly (12 issues per year)

DOI
Digital Object Identifier
10.55041/IJSREM61837

License:International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management follows the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) License, allowing free use and distribution with proper attribution.

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Authors

Atharva  P.Dharankar

Atharva P.Dharankar

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

College of Engineering and Technology, Akola

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PGJ

Prathamesh G. Jadhav

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

College of Engineering and Technology, Akola

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SSN

Sudnyesh S. Nehare

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

College of Engineering and Technology, Akola

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PKSK

Prof. K. S. Khanderao

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

College of Engineering and Technology, Akola

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Abstract

Blood tests are something most people go through at least once in their lives, and the CBC — the Complete Blood Count — is by far the most common of them. Yet for the vast majority of patients in India, the report that comes back from the lab is essentially unreadable: rows of numbers, cryptic abbreviations, and reference ranges that say nothing about whether those numbers are worrying for a person of their age, gender, or background. We built the Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS) to close that gap. The system works in three layers. The first uses a Random Forest model trained on 377 real patient CBC records to flag whether the blood profile looks more like a viral or bacterial infection, using the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as its main signal — reaching 82% accuracy. The second layer runs a Decision Tree that incorporates WHO hemoglobin thresholds and the Mentzer Index to tell apart five types of anemia, including the clinically critical distinction between Iron Deficiency Anemia and Thalassemia Trait, at 99.5% accuracy. The third layer runs eleven separate Logistic Regression models trained on PhysioNet clinical data to check for early signs of stress across organ systems — heart, kidneys, liver, immune system, and more — with per-condition accuracy ranging from 78% to 98%. On top of all this, the system pulls live nutritional data from the USDA FoodData Central API and packages everything into a report in both English and Hindi. The whole thing runs as a live REST API with a web frontend anyone canaccess at https://cdss.symbianslab.com. Our results show that you do not need proprietary clinical datasets or expensive infrastructure to build something genuinely useful — publicly available data, careful feature engineering, and a layered architecture are enough.

KEYWORDS

Index Terms — Clinical Decision Support System Complete Blood Count Random Forest Decision Tree Logistic Regression Mentzer-Index Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Thalassemia Iron Deficiency Anemia PhysioNet LabQAR CBCovid19EC FastAPI Healthcare AI Bilingual Health System

Cite This Article

Atharva P.Dharankar, Prathamesh G. Jadhav, Sudnyesh S. Nehare, Prof. K. S. Khanderao, "Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS)," International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 1-8, April 2026. https://doi.org/10.55041/IJSREM61837

Full Article/Conclusion

We set out to build something that a patient in rural Maharashtra could use to understand their blood report without waiting days for a doctor's appointment. What we ended up with is a three-layer ML system that classifies infection risk, distinguishes five types of anemia, flags organ stress across eleven body systems, and delivers the results in both English and Hindi — all from a single CBC report. The numbers hold up: 82% accuracy on real patient infection data, 99.5% on anemia classification, and organ stress accuracy ranging from 78% to 98%. But the result we are most proud of is simpler than any of those metrics — the system never once confused a Thalassemia patient for an Iron Deficiency patient. In a clinical context, that distinction matters more than overall accuracy. The system is live at cdss.symbianslab.com. The code is open. Future work will focus on collecting Indian patient data to improve Layer 1's regional validity, adding medication effect modeling, and building a more locally relevant nutritional database for the prescription engine.

References

[1] B. Bhasuran, Q. Jin, A. Deville, Y. Wu, K. Hanna, Z. Lu, and Z. He, "LabQAR: A Manually Curated Dataset for Question Answering on Laboratory Test Reference Ranges and Interpretation," medRxiv, 2025, doi: 10.1101/2025.06.03.25328882. [2] F. Cabitza et al., "Development, evaluation, and validation of machine learning models for COVID-19 detection based on routine blood tests," Clin. Chem. Lab. Med., vol. 59, no. 2, pp. 421–431, 2020, doi: 10.1515/cclm-2020-1294. [3] M. Zuin, G. Rigatelli, C. Bilato, M. Correale, and G. Zuliani, "Prediction of SARS-CoV-2-positivity from million-scale complete blood counts using machine learning," Commun. Med., vol. 2, no. 1, p. 60, 2022, doi: 10.1038/s43856-022-00129-0. [4] J. Parraga-Alava, M. Dorn, and J. Meza, "CBCovid19EC: A dataset Complete Blood Count and PCR test for COVID-19 detection in Ecuadorian population," Data in Brief, vol. 47, p. 109016, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.dib.2023.109016. [5] W. C. Mentzer, "Differentiation of iron deficiency from thalassaemia trait," Lancet, vol. 1, no. 7808, p. 882, 1973. [6] J. E. May, M. B. Marques, V. V. B. Reddy, and R. Gangaraju, "Three neglected numbers in the CBC: the RDW, MPV, and NRBC count," Cleve. Clin. J. Med., vol. 86, no. 3, pp. 167–172, 2019, doi: 10.3949/ccjm.86a.18072. [7] World Health Organization, "Haemoglobin concentrations for the diagnosis of anaemia and assessment of severity," WHO Vitamin and Mineral Nutrition Information System, Geneva, Switzerland, 2011. [8] A. L. Goldberger et al., "PhysioBank, PhysioToolkit, and PhysioNet: Components of a new research resource for complex physiologic signals," Circulation, vol. 101, no. 23, pp. e215–e220, 2000. [9] A. E. W. Johnson et al., "MIMIC-III, a freely accessible critical care database," Sci. Data, vol. 3, p. 160035, 2016. [10] M. A. Reyna et al., "Early Prediction of Sepsis from Clinical Data: The PhysioNet/Computing in Cardiology Challenge 2019," Crit. Care Med., vol. 48, no. 2, pp. 210–217, 2020. [11] United States Department of Agriculture, "FoodData Central," Agricultural Research Service. [Accessed: Apr. 8, 2026]. [Online]. Available: https://fdc.nal.usda.gov. [12] S. Tiangolo, "FastAPI: Modern, fast, web framework for building APIs with Python." [Accessed: Apr. 8, 2026]. [Online]. Available: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com. [13] F. Pedregosa et al., "Scikit-learn: Machine learning in Python," J. Mach. Learn. Res., vol. 12, pp. 2825–2830, 2011. [14] Thalassemia International Federation, Guidelines for the Management of Transfusion Dependent Thalassaemia, 3rd ed. Nicosia, Cyprus: TIF, 2014. [15] T. Singhal, "A Review of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19)," Indian J. Pediatr., vol. 87, no. 4, pp. 281–286, 2020.  

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Publication Date

4/30/2026

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Double-Blind Peer Review

Review Rounds: 2

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