Comparative Analysis of Two-Wheeler Suspension Helical Compression Spring for Steel and Composite Material at Different Loading Conditions

The Springs are crucial suspension elements on automobiles which are necessary to minimize the vertical vibrations, impacts and bumps due to road irregularities and create a comfortable ride. Helical Compression springs are most commonly used for vehicle suspension and some industrial applications. The present work attempts to study the feasibility to select composite materials in the design of helical compression spring used in automobile suspension systems. The use of composite materials is increasing in the design of automobile components due to their light weight and costs. The objective of this is to compare stresses, deflection and weights for both steel and composite material. In this research, steel helical spring related to light vehicle suspension system under the effect of a uniform loading has been studied and finite element analysis has been compared with analytical solution. Afterwards, steel spring has been replaced by composite helical spring glass/Epoxy. Spring weight, maximum stress and deflection have been compared with steel helical spring. According to the results, it was found that Compared to the steel spring, the composite spring has stresses that are much lower, the deflection is higher and the spring weight is nearly 75% lower.