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Stream/Area:
-
Subject:
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Paper ID:
IJSREM66240
Volume:
10 |
7 |
Jul 2026
Pages:
1-8
Publication Frequency:
Monthly (12 issues per year)
License:International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management follows the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) License, allowing free use and distribution with proper attribution.
Department of Biotechnology
Khallikote Unitary Universityr, Brahmapur, Odisha, India
Department of Biotechnology
Khallikote Unitary Universityr, Brahmapur, Odisha, India
Department of Biotechnology
Khallikote Unitary Universityr, Brahmapur, Odisha, India
Department of Biotechnology
Khallikote Unitary Universityr, Brahmapur, Odisha, India
The present comparative analysis evaluates the antibacterial potential of two medicinal plant species, Piper nigrum L. (black pepper) and Curcuma longa L. (turmeric), against clinically significant bacterial pathogens Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive). Both studies were designed to explore plant-based alternatives to conventional antibiotics in response to the increasing global threat of antimicrobial resistance. In both dissertations, plant extracts were prepared using aqueous and ethanolic solvents and assessed using standard microbiological techniques such as the agar disc diffusion method for determining zones of inhibition and the broth dilution method for Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). The results from both studies demonstrated that plant extracts possess measurable antibacterial activity against both tested organisms, although the degree of effectiveness varied depending on the plant and solvent used. In the Piper nigrum L. study, both extracts showed antibacterial activity, with aqueous extracts producing larger zones of inhibition, while ethanolic extracts showed stronger MIC performance, indicating higher potency at lower concentrations. Similarly, the Curcuma longa L. study also revealed significant antibacterial effects, with aqueous extracts showing slightly higher inhibition zones, whereas ethanolic extracts demonstrated better performance in MIC analysis. Overall, both medicinal plants exhibited broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. However, differences in solvent efficiency and phytochemical composition influenced their antibacterial strength. The findings collectively suggest that both Piper nigrum L. and Curcuma longa L. contain bioactive compounds with promising antimicrobial properties, supporting their potential use as natural alternatives or complementary agents to conventional antibiotics in the treatment of bacterial infections.
KEYWORDS
The present study successfully demonstrated the antibacterial activity of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Piper nigrum and Curcuma longa against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Both medicinal plants exhibited inhibitory effects against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, although differences were observed depending on the type of solvent and bacterial strain. The aqueous extracts produced larger zones of inhibition, whereas ethanolic extracts exhibited greater antibacterial potency in MIC analysis. Piper nigrum showed relatively stronger antibacterial activity than Curcuma longa, which may be associated with the presence of piperine and other potent phytochemicals. Similarly, curcumin and related compounds present in turmeric contributed significantly to its antibacterial activity. The study findings indicate that both Piper nigrum and Curcuma longa possess promising broad-spectrum antibacterial properties and may serve as potential natural alternatives or complementary therapies to conventional antibiotics. Further investigations involving purification of active compounds, molecular characterization, toxicity studies, and in vivo evaluation are recommended to validate their pharmaceutical and clinical applications in combating antimicrobial resistance.
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Publication Date
7/20/2026
Peer Review Type
Double-Blind Peer Review
Review Rounds: 2
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