Loading article...
Loading article...
Stream/Area:
-
Subject:
-
Paper ID:
IJSREM66690
Volume:
10 |
8 |
Aug 2026
Pages:
1-6
Publication Frequency:
Monthly (12 issues per year)
License:International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management follows the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) License, allowing free use and distribution with proper attribution.
Department of Pharmacology
Sri Vijay Vidyalaya College of Pharmacy, Dharmapuri, Tamil Nadu, India
Department of Pharmacology
Sri Vijay Vidyalaya College of Pharmacy, Dharmapuri, Tamil Nadu, India
Department of Pharmacology
Sri Vijay Vidyalaya College of Pharmacy, Dharmapuri, Tamil Nadu, India
Department of Pharmacology
Sri Vijay Vidyalaya College of Pharmacy, Dharmapuri, Tamil Nadu, India
Diabetes mellitus, particularly Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycaemia arising from insulin resistance and progressive β-cell dysfunction. Inhibition of the carbohydrate-hydrolysing enzymes α-amylase and α-glucosidase is a well-established strategy for controlling postprandial hyperglycaemia, and plant-derived inhibitors are of increasing interest as alternatives to synthetic agents such as acarbose, which are often associated with gastrointestinal side effects. The present study aimed to compare the phytochemical profiles and in-vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of Psidium guajava (guava) and Punica granatum (pomegranate) leaf extracts. Leaves of both plants were collected, authenticated, dried, powdered and extracted, and screened for preliminary phytochemical constituents. Enzyme inhibitory activity was evaluated spectrophotometrically at extract concentrations of 200–1000 µg/mL, using acarbose as the reference standard, and IC50 values were derived by non-linear regression of the concentration–inhibition relationship. Both extracts produced concentration-dependent inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase. P. granatum showed greater inhibitory activity than P. guajava at every concentration tested, with lower IC50 values for α-amylase (524 µg/mL vs. 597.1 µg/mL) and α-glucosidase (453.8 µg/mL vs. 604.4 µg/mL). Acarbose produced 91.96 ± 0.65% inhibition at 1000 µg/mL in both assays, exceeding both plant extracts. These findings indicate that P. granatum leaf extract possesses comparatively stronger dual-enzyme inhibitory potential, likely attributable to its phenolic and flavonoid constituents, and support further phytochemical and biological investigation of both species as candidate sources of natural antidiabetic agents.
KEYWORDS
Both Psidium guajava and Punica granatum leaf extracts exhibited concentration-dependent in-vitro inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Punica granatum demonstrated consistently greater inhibitory activity than P. guajava, with lower IC50 values for both enzymes (α-amylase: 524 µg/mL vs. 597.1 µg/mL; α-glucosidase: 453.8 µg/mL vs. 604.4 µg/mL), indicating stronger dual-enzyme inhibitory potential. These findings support P. granatum leaf extract as the more promising candidate of the two species for further investigation as a natural antidiabetic agent, while P. guajava also showed substantial and consistent activity. Further work involving quantitative phytochemical analysis, isolation and identification of active compounds, enzyme-kinetic studies, and in-vivo/clinical evaluation is warranted to confirm the antidiabetic potential of both species.
1. El-Feky, A.M., et al. (2025). Effect of harvest time and soil–plant relationships on the phytochemical composition and biological activities of Psidium guajava leaves. 2. Uuh Narvaez, J.J., et al. (2025). Metabolic profiling and investigation of α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory mechanisms of Psidium guajava fruit extract. 3. Karagecili, H., et al. (2023). Chemical profile and biological activities of Zivzik pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) investigated using LC-MS/MS profiling. Life, 13(3), 735. 4. Patil, P., et al. (2023). Evaluation of total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant properties of Psidium guajava leaves. 5. Zhang, Y., et al. (2023). Chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Punica granatum. 6. Belkacem, N., et al. (2023). Effects of Punica granatum fractions on postprandial hyperglycemia and α-amylase inhibition. Phytothérapie, 21, 41–49. 7. Zhang, X., et al. (2022). Chemical composition and biological/enzyme-inhibitory properties of Psidium guajava leaf essential oil. 8. Nagaraja, B., et al. (2022). Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Psidium guajava leaf extract and evaluation of their biological and antidiabetic activities. Molecules, 27, 4336. 9. Shi, Y., et al. (2022). Screening and identification of potential α-glucosidase inhibitors from Punica granatum using bioaffinity ultrafiltration and HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. Frontiers in Nutrition, 9. 10. Laaraj, S., et al. (2022). Phytochemical composition and α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of Punica granatum extracts.
Publication Date
8/12/2026
Peer Review Type
Double-Blind Peer Review
Review Rounds: 2
Documents
Article Views
3
Total views since publication
PDF Downloads
4
Total downloads since publication
Geographic Reach
5
Digital Preservation: This article is permanently archived on Zenodo and complies with all data preservation standards across major indexing platforms.
Plagiarism Screening
This manuscript has been checked for plagiarism using TurnitinPlagiarismChecker software.
Conflict of Interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest related to this research work.
Funding Information
No funding information available for this research.
Related research in the same subject area
Loading similar articles...