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Stream/Area:
-
Subject:
-
Paper ID:
IJSREM65742
Volume:
10 |
7 |
Jul 2026
Pages:
1-14
Publication Frequency:
Monthly (12 issues per year)
License:International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management follows the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) License, allowing free use and distribution with proper attribution.
Department of Computer Applications
Nehru Institute of Information Technology and Management, Coimbatore
Department of Computer Applications
Nehru Institute of Information Technology and Management, Coimbatore
Conventional crowdfunding platforms rely on centralized intermediaries, resulting in challenges such as high transaction costs, limited financial transparency, and counterparty risks arising from fund mismanagement or delayed disbursements. This paper presents a hybrid blockchain-enabled crowdfunding platform that combines the usability and administrative capabilities of conventional web applications with the security, transparency, and immutability offered by decentralized ledger technology. The proposed architecture integrates a Django-based web application with Ethereum smart contracts through the Web3.py framework, enabling efficient off-chain management while ensuring that all financial transactions are executed and enforced on-chain. The platform employs a custom ERC-20 token representing the Indian Rupee (INR) to provide standardized transaction values within the experimental environment. A role-based framework consisting of Administrators, Organizations, and Contributors governs the campaign lifecycle. Organizations submit crowdfunding campaigns through the web portal, while administrators perform off-chain verification before authorizing on-chain deployment of the corresponding smart contract. Once deployed, the smart contract functions as an autonomous escrow mechanism, accepting contributions directly from contributors' Web3 wallets and automatically enforcing campaign outcomes. Campaigns that achieve their funding targets within the specified deadline release funds exclusively to the designated beneficiary wallet, whereas unsuccessful campaigns enable contributors to reclaim their deposited tokens through an automated refund mechanism. To maintain consistency between the blockchain and the web application, an event-driven synchronization middleware continuously monitors blockchain events, records transaction information, and updates campaign states within an off-chain SQLite database. This separation of responsibilities enables efficient storage of user profiles and application metadata while preserving the integrity and transparency of financial operations through blockchain consensus. The proposed hybrid architecture demonstrates an effective integration of decentralized smart contracts with conventional web technologies, providing a secure, transparent, and scalable framework for modern digital crowdfunding while reducing reliance on trusted intermediaries.
KEYWORDS
This paper presented a hybrid blockchain-enabled crowdfunding platform that integrates conventional web technologies with Ethereum smart contracts to provide a secure, transparent, and efficient digital fundraising framework. The proposed architecture combines a Django-based web application for user management, campaign administration, and off-chain data storage with Solidity smart contracts that execute all financial transactions through an automated escrow mechanism. By utilizing a custom ERC-20 token and an event-driven synchronization layer based on Web3.py, the platform maintains consistency between off-chain application data and on-chain transaction records while reducing blockchain storage overhead. The implementation demonstrates the feasibility of combining centralized application management with decentralized financial execution to address limitations associated with conventional crowdfunding platforms, including limited transparency, dependence on intermediaries, and counterparty risk. The proposed hybrid architecture provides a practical approach for integrating blockchain technology into crowdfunding applications while maintaining the usability and performance of modern web systems. This work contributes to the growing body of research on blockchain-based financial applications and establishes a foundation for further investigation into scalable, secure, and transparent decentralized crowdfunding platforms.
[1] S. Nakamoto, Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System, 2008. [2] G. Wood, Ethereum: A Secure Decentralised Generalised Transaction Ledger, Ethereum Project Yellow Paper, 2014. [3] V. Buterin, "A Next-Generation Smart Contract and Decentralized Application Platform," Ethereum White Paper, 2014. [4] F. Vogelsteller and V. Buterin, "ERC-20 Token Standard," Ethereum Improvement Proposal (EIP-20), Nov. 2015. [5] NIST, Blockchain Technology Overview, National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST IR 8202, Jul. 2018. [6] M. Swan, Blockchain: Blueprint for a New Economy. Sebastopol, CA, USA: O'Reilly Media, 2015. [7] C. Cachin, "Architecture of the Hyperledger Blockchain Fabric," in Proceedings of the Workshop on Distributed Cryptocurrencies and Consensus Ledgers, Chicago, IL, USA, 2016. [8] A. Antonopoulos and G. Wood, Mastering Ethereum: Building Smart Contracts and DApps. Sebastopol, CA, USA: O'Reilly Media, 2018. [9] Django Software Foundation, Django Documentation. Available: https://docs.djangoproject.com/ [10] Ethereum Foundation, Solidity Documentation. Available: https://docs.soliditylang.org/
Publication Date
7/2/2026
Peer Review Type
Double-Blind Peer Review
Review Rounds: 2
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Conflict of Interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest related to this research work.
Funding Information
No funding information available for this research.
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