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Stream/Area:
-
Subject:
-
Paper ID:
IJSREM65553
Volume:
10 |
6 |
Jun 2026
Pages:
1-8
Publication Frequency:
Monthly (12 issues per year)
License:International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management follows the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) License, allowing free use and distribution with proper attribution.
Mechanical engineering
S. B. Patil College of Engineering Indapur
Mechanical engineering
S. B. Patil College of Engineering Indapur
Mechanical engineering
S. B. Patil College of Engineering Indapur
The rapid growth of electric vehicles has increased the demand for reliable and safe braking systems. This project focuses on the design, analysis and development of a hand brake system for an electric three-wheeler. The proposed hand brake system is intended to provide effective parking and emergency holding capability, ensuring vehicle safety on inclined and uneven surfaces. The system consists of a hand brake lever, cable mechanism, ratchet and pawl arrangement, and rear wheel braking assembly. The hand brake operates mechanically and allows the driver to securely lock the vehicle when parked. The design emphasizes simplicity, low maintenance, ease of operation, and cost effectiveness. Proper material selection and component design are considered to improve durability and performance. The project includes design calculations, force analysis, stress evaluation, and fabrication of the hand brake mechanism. Basic testing and performance analysis are carried out to determine the braking efficiency and holding capacity of the system under different operating conditions. The developed system enhances vehicle safety, improves parking reliability, and reduces the risk of accidental vehicle movement. Overall, the proposed hand brake system provides a practical and economical solution for electric three-wheelers. The results demonstrate that the system is safe, efficient, easy to operate, and suitable for daily transportation applications
KEYWORDS
The performance of the hand brake system depends on proper maintenance and periodic inspection of all components. Regular checking of the hand brake lever, brake cable, brake shoes, return spring, and brake drum helps ensure safe and reliable operation. Any signs of wear, corrosion, cable stretching, or damage should be addressed immediately to prevent braking fail The brake cable should be properly lubricated and adjusted to maintain smooth movement and efficient force transmission. Excessive cable slack can reduce braking effectiveness, while excessive tension may cause unnecessary wear of brake components. The brake shoes should be inspected periodically for lining wear and replaced whenever the friction material reaches its wear limit. The brake drum surface should remain clean and free from excessive wear, cracks, or deformation. A damaged drum can reduce frictional performance and affect the holding capacity of the hand brake system. Similarly, return springs must maintain sufficient elasticity to restore the brake shoes to their original position after brake release. Proper tightening of mounting brackets and fasteners is also essential to maintain component alignment and system stability. Loose fasteners can lead to vibration, noise, and reduced braking performance. Regular maintenance not only improves safety but also increases component life and reduces overall operating costs.
· Rudolf Limpert, "Brake Design and Safety;Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), USA. · V.B.Bhandari, "Design of Machine Elements,McGraw Hill Education, India. · J.Y.Wong, "Theory of Ground Vehicles, " John Wiley & Sons Publications. · H.Heisler, "Advanced Vehicle Technology,Butterworth-Heinemann Publications. · T.D. Gillespie, "Fundamentals of Vehicle Dynamics," SAE International Publications. · R.S.Khurmi and J.K. Gupta, "A Textbook of Machine Design, " S. Chand Publications, New Delhi. · Robert Bosch GmbH, "Bosch Automotive Handbook" Germany. · R.K.Rajput, "Automobile Engineering, Laxmi Publications, India. · W.H.Crouse and D.L. Anglin, "Automotive Mechanics, "McGraw Hill Publications. · P.C. Sharma, "Machine Design, S. K. Kataria &Sons Publications. · S. Verma et al., "Design and Analysis of Mechanical Parking Brake Systems for Light Vehicles International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (UJERT), 2020. · R.Kumar et al. "Performance Analysis of Drum Brake Systems for Small Commercial Vehicles, "International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET), 2020. · K. Singh, "Automobile Engineering and Mechanical Systems, " Standard Publishers and Distributors · R.K. Jain, "Production Technology and Manufacturing Processes, " Khanna Publishers.
Publication Date
6/26/2026
Peer Review Type
Double-Blind Peer Review
Review Rounds: 2
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Conflict of Interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest related to this research work.
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