DESIGN AND ANALYSIS FOR IMPROVING THE PERFORMANCE OF SOLAR DRYER USING PHASE CHANGE MATERIALS

This work presented the design, modeling, and performance evaluation of a solar dryer enhanced with Phase Change Materials (PCMs) for improved thermal energy utilization and drying efficiency. The integration of PCM into the solar air heating system effectively mitigated the limitations associated with intermittent solar radiation by enabling latent heat storage and controlled heat release. Numerical simulations carried out using COMSOL Multiphysics provided detailed insights into heat transfer characteristics, airflow behavior, and temperature distribution within the drying chamber. The results demonstrated improved thermal stability, reduced temperature fluctuations, and enhanced drying uniformity.The proposed system achieved a significant reduction in drying time (approximately 21.87%) and an increase in collector efficiency ranging from 5.02% to 10.13%, depending on PCM placement. Material selection and structural design were optimized to ensure efficient heat absorption, minimal thermal losses, and mechanical reliability. The incorporation of insulation and suitable transparent cover materials further contributed to maintaining optimal drying conditions. Overall, the study confirms that PCM-based solar dryers offer a reliable, energy-efficient, and sustainable solution for agricultural drying applications. The combined use of advanced simulation tools and experimental considerations strengthens the design methodology and supports scalability for real-world deployment. Future work may focus on advanced PCM materials, hybrid energy integration, and intelligent monitoring systems to further enhance system performance and adaptability under varying climatic conditions. The modular design approach allows flexibility in scaling the system for different capacities and applications. With further advancements in material science and control technologies, the performance of PCM-integrated solar dryers can be enhanced to meet industrial-level requirements. This study establishes a strong foundation for future research and development in solar thermal energy storage systems, promoting wider adoption of renewable energy-based drying technologies.

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