Design and Analysis of Bidirectional Battery Charger with Grid-to-Vehicle, Vehicle-to-Grid and Vehicle-to-Home Technologies

In this fast-changing world, Electric Vehicle (EV) is a giant leap in the world of transportation. In comparison with fossil fuel powered vehicles, EVs are more efficient, silent, emit less pollution while in use and they act as mobile power banks, these makes them a better alternative. This in turn can be used for Vehicle to Home (V2H) and Grid to Vehicle (G2V) operations using IOT as a platform to achieve control and monitoring, prototype IOT based car is considered as the EV in this research. In this research, IOT is used as the platform to implement V2H and G2V concepts. This paper presents the development of an on-board bidirectional battery charger for Electric Vehicles (EVs) targeting Grid-to-Vehicle (G2V), Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G), and Vehicle-to-Home (V2H) technologies. During the G2V operation mode the batteries are charged from the power grid with sinusoidal current and unitary power factor. During the V2G operation mode the energy stored in the batteries can be delivered back to the power grid contributing to the power system stability. In the V2H operation mode the energy stored in the batteries can be used to supply home loads during power outages, or to supply loads in places without connection to the power grid. The adopted topology and control algorithms are accessed through computer simulations and validated by experimental results achieved with a developed laboratory prototype operating in the different scenarios.