Design and Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna Utilizing Mushroom Like-EBG for Wireless Communications

In this paper, a compact mushroom-like Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) integrated microstrip patch antenna is designed to operate at 2.4 GHz for wireless communication applications. CST Studio Suite is used to design the antenna, which is then optimised to obtain improved performance in terms of bandwidth, impedance matching, and return loss. The proposed design has a substrate thickness of 1.6 mm and compact dimensions of 76 mm × 58 mm. The antenna uses a 50 Ω microstrip line-fed arrangement and is fabricated on a FR-4 substrate. Surface wave suppression and radiation properties were greatly enhanced by the incorporation and optimisation of the mushroom-like EBG structures surrounding the radiating patch. The optimised design’s suitability for 2.4 GHz wireless communication systems is confirmed by its return loss of -21.88 dB and VSWR of 1.079 at 2.414 GHz with a bandwidth of 110 MHz.