Design and Analysis of Regenerative Braking Systems for Electric Vehicles

This paper presented the design and analysis of a regenerative braking system for electric vehicles with the objective of improving energy efficiency and braking performance. The proposed framework integrates an electric motor operating in generator mode, a battery energy storage system, and an adaptive blended braking control strategy. From the simulation results, it is observed that a significant amount of kinetic energy can be recovered during braking and reused, leading to improved overall vehicle efficiency. The system demonstrates better performance at medium and high speeds, where maximum energy recovery is possible. The blended braking approach ensures safe and smooth braking by combining regenerative and mechanical braking based on operating conditions such as vehicle speed and battery state of charge. The study also highlights the impact of battery limitations and system losses on overall performance. Despite these challenges, the proposed system achieves a considerable improvement in energy utilization and contributes to extended battery life and reduced energy consumption. Therefore, regenerative braking is an essential technology for enhancing the performance and sustainability of modern electric vehicles.

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