Design and Fabrication of a Smart Compressor-less Refrigerator Using Peltier Module and IOT

The proposed project successfully presents the design and fabrication concept of a smart compressor-less refrigerator using thermoelectric Peltier technology and IoT. The system replaces the conventional compressor-based refrigeration mechanism with two Peltier modules, providing a compact, silent, and low-maintenance cooling solution. Aluminium heat sinks and exhaust fans are incorporated to remove heat effectively from the hot sides of the thermoelectric modules, while two high-speed BLDC fans circulate cooled air throughout the chamber for improved temperature uniformity. The refrigerator is operated using a 12 V, 10 A SMPS, with a 12 V, 7 Ah battery provided as backup during power interruptions. An Arduino controller continuously processes temperature and humidity sensor data and manages the connected cooling and auxiliary components. The integration of an IoT module and cloud server enables real-time remote monitoring of chamber conditions and system status. The proposed system eliminates the requirement for conventional refrigerants and mechanical compressor components, making it environmentally friendly and easier to maintain. The combination of dual-Peltier cooling, effective thermal management, controlled air circulation, battery backup, and IoT monitoring provides a practical smart refrigeration platform. The developed concept is suitable for food preservation, medicine storage, laboratory samples, portable refrigeration, and small-scale cooling applications.

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