Design and Implementation of an Autonomous line Following Robot Using Arduino Microcontroller

This paper presents the design and implementation of a Smart Line Following Robot using Arduino, developed to automate the delivery of audio messages to classrooms within an educational campus. The robot autonomously follows a predefined black line detected by infrared (IR) sensors, while an ultrasonic sensor provides real-time obstacle detection and avoidance for smooth navigation. A 4×4 matrix keypad enables users to input a classroom number, which is displayed on a 16×2 LCD screen for confirmation. Upon reaching the target classroom, a voice playback module (ISD1820) plays a pre-recorded message such as announcements or alerts through an integrated speaker. Motion is controlled by stepper motors driven by motor driver modules, all coordinated by the Arduino Uno microcontroller. The proposed system offers a cost-effective and efficient solution for automating message delivery in educational institutions, minimizing manual effort, enhancing communication efficiency, and providing a scalable platform for future enhancements such as wireless control, real-time tracking, and smart classroom identification.