Design and Implementation of an Improved Battery Charger for Two- Wheeler Electric Vehicle

Improving the present battery charging mechanism for electric two-wheelers, or E2Ws, is the main goal of this study. We are looking for a method to get around the problems with the current charging system. Constant Current-Constant Voltage is a popular and trustworthy technique (CC-CV). However, since it takes longer to charge, customers can find it inconvenient. According to MATLAB models and experiments, the standard CC-CV method takes around 10,079 seconds to charge the battery to 67–70% SOC and about 1 hour & 50 minutes to fully charge it. In contrast, the newly developed fast-charging technique incorporates a variable C-rate and eliminates the constant voltage phase, significantly reducing the total charging time. The improved method achieves 18% SOC in just 600 seconds compared to 10% in 954 seconds using CC-CV. It reaches 100% SOC in only 8620 seconds, which is 1459 seconds faster than the conventional approach. Hardware testing further validates the system’s efficiency, where the charging time is reduced to 1 hour and 10 minutes for the same SOC level. A microprocessor dynamically adjusts the charging current based on real-time SOC, temperature, or voltage feedback. This provides safe, efficient, thermally optimised charging. Additionally, the integration of components such as boost converters, LCD modules, PFC circuits, and sensor-based feedback loops ensures regulated voltage output and protection against overcharging or overheating. This design increases battery life, operational safety, and user experience via real-time monitoring. The study confirms that the new charging approach is more efficient, practical, and adaptable for the evolving electric vehicle ecosystem. It provides a scalable and intelligent solution to meet future demands of fast and sustainable E2W charging systems.

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