Design and Implementation of D2D Communication Networks to Improve BER & Outage of System

Rapid increase in the number of users using cellular users has resulted in the increase of load on the cellular network. The base station which routes the data from devices is becoming more and more loaded with data. This has led to the concerns on the upcoming years when the number of users would increase manifold and so would be the data rate. With evolving technologies of 5G and 6G on the forefront, a new technical solution to the aforesaid problem is inevitable. One of the major contenders for the same is the Device to Device Network (D2D) model. In this model, the base station is completely bypassed and the data is communicated among the devices directly. In this scenario, the load is hence not subjected to the base station of the cellular system although it exists. Such a D2D network is also often called an underlay device to device network. However, such a methodology also has its associated problems since the base station is unavailable for routing the network traffic. The major blow is the decrease in the signal strength of the signal which gets weakened due to the fading effects. Hence the bit error rate takes a surge due to decreasing signal to noise ratio. To circumvent this issue, corrective measures need to be taken. In this proposed work, the channel response is sensed and then used to detect the frequencies which undergo severe fading and then utilize only the frequencies which do not undergo severe fading. This mechanism is then used to select frequencies for data transmission. Moreover, an equalization mechanism is used to further reduce the errors of transmission. A practical D2D channel model is designed by simulating a Poisson cluster model in which wave clusters at the receiving end cause interference effects synonymous with a real life fading model. It has been shown that the technique which is designed outperforms previously existing systems in terms of BER and system outage.