Design and Implementation of E-Nose for Disease Detection

The use of portable health diagnostic tools has gained increasing attention due to their safety, convenience, and ability to provide quick and comfortable testing experiences. Among these tools, analyzing human breath has emerged as a promising non-invasive method for identifying various diseases. This approach works by examining the types and concentrations of specific gases present in exhaled air. Within current gas detection techniques, the electronic nose (e-Nose) stands out for its high sensitivity, fast response time, real-time detection capability, and user-friendly design. This review outlines the role of volatile components in human breath for disease diagnosis, summarizes existing breath-testing technologies, and examines the progress made in electronic nose systems. The discussion focuses particularly on the sensor materials, signal-processing algorithms, and device architectures used in e-Nose research. Finally, the paper highlights ongoing challenges and future directions for improving the technology’s performance and clinical applicability.