Loading article...
Loading article...
Stream/Area:
-
Subject:
-
Paper ID:
IJSREM42102
Volume:
9 |
3 |
Mar 2025
Pages:
1-5
Publication Frequency:
Monthly (12 issues per year)
License:International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management follows the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) License, allowing free use and distribution with proper attribution.
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,
Ballari Institute of Technology and Management, Ballari, Karnataka, India
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,
Ballari Institute of Technology and Management, Ballari, Karnataka, India
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,
Ballari Institute of Technology and Management, Ballari, Karnataka, India
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,
Ballari Institute of Technology and Management, Ballari, Karnataka, India
The increasing penetration of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind has created a growing requirement for reliable and sustainable energy-storage technologies. Conventional electrochemical batteries, including lead-acid and lithium-ion batteries, are associated with limitations such as environmental concerns, disposal requirements, degradation, and charging-related issues. This paper presents the design and implementation of a prototype gravity battery for electric energy storage, in which electrical energy is converted into gravitational potential energy by lifting a mass and subsequently recovered as electrical energy during its descent. The developed prototype consists of a 12 V DC wiper motor, a 2 kg mass, pulley and belt mechanism, gearbox, flywheel, dynamo, electrolytic capacitor, diode, battery, and LED load. During charging, the motor lifts the mass to a height of 0.65 m, thereby storing energy in the form of gravitational potential energy. During discharge, the descending mass drives the dynamo through the mechanical transmission system to generate electrical energy. For the prototype, the theoretical stored energy is 12.74 J. Experimental observations recorded a rise time of 4 s, fall time of 3.41 s, instantaneous maximum output voltage of 8.46 V, and instantaneous maximum output current of 0.14 A. The project demonstrates the feasibility of gravity-based energy storage for small-scale applications and highlights its potential for renewable-energy integration, backup power, microgrids, remote-area supply, and other energy-storage applications.
KEYWORDS
This paper presented the design and implementation of a prototype gravity battery for electric energy storage. The developed system stores energy by lifting a 2 kg mass to a height of 0.65 m and subsequently recovers the stored gravitational potential energy through a pulley, gearbox, flywheel, and dynamo arrangement. The theoretical energy-storage capacity of the prototype was calculated as 12.74 J. Experimental testing produced an instantaneous maximum output of 8.46 V and 0.14 A, demonstrating the feasibility of converting gravitational potential energy into useful electrical energy. The proposed technology provides an environmentally friendly alternative to chemical-based energy storage and offers potential benefits such as long operational life, low maintenance, scalability, and reduced disposal concerns. However, the prototype is limited by mechanical losses, intermittent generation, space requirements, and relatively low energy density. Future improvements involving multiple weights, automated mass resetting, higher-efficiency generators, optimized mechanical transmission, and renewable-energy integration can improve the practical performance and scalability of gravity-based energy-storage systems.
[1] J. Tan and Y. Zhang, “Study of Wind and PV Frequency Control in U.S. Power Grids EI and TI Case Studies,” IEEE Power and Energy Technology Systems, 2017. [2] D. M. Davies, M. G. Verde, O. Mnyshenko, and Y. R. Chen, “Combined Economic and Technological Evaluation of Battery Energy Storage for Grid Applications,” Nature Energy. [3] H. C. Chen, Y. L. Qin, H. Cao, X. Song, C. Huang, H. Feng, and X. S. Zhao, “Synthesis of Amorphous Nickel Cobalt Manganese Hydroxides for Supercapacitor-Battery Hybrid Energy Storage System,” Energy Storage Materials, vol. 17, pp. 194–203, Feb. 2019. [4] Gravitricity, “Gravity Energy Storage,” 2024. [5] N. Karuppiah, P. Mounica, J. N. Bhanutej, S. Saravanan, R. Reddy, and R. Israni, “Revolutionizing Renewable Energy Integration: The Innovative Gravity Energy Storage Solution,” IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 1048–1056, Apr. 2024. [6] L. M. A. Al-Hilfi, S. Morris, J. Wang, B. Venkatesh, C. K. Wai, and H. C. K., “Grid Connection Method of Gravity Energy Storage Generator Motor Based on Voltage Index Sensitivity Analysis,” IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 60, no. 2, pp. 1339–1346, Mar./Apr. 2024, doi: 10.1109/TIA.2024.2895134. [7] W. Tong and X. Wang, “Solid Gravity Energy Storage: A Review,” Journal of Energy Storage, vol. 53, Art. no. 105226, 2022.
Publication Date
3/25/2025
Peer Review Type
Double-Blind Peer Review
Review Rounds: 2
Documents
Article Views
0
Total views since publication
PDF Downloads
0
Total downloads since publication
Geographic Reach
5
Digital Preservation: This article is permanently archived on Zenodo and complies with all data preservation standards across major indexing platforms.
Plagiarism Screening
This manuscript has been checked for plagiarism using TurnitinPlagiarismChecker software.
Conflict of Interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest related to this research work.
Funding Information
No funding information available for this research.
Related research in the same subject area
Loading similar articles...