Determination of Natural Frequencies and Mode Shapes of a Cantilever Beam using Finite Element Method

The study of vibration is critical in most engineering structures, with natural frequency and mode shape being two key parameters of a vibrating body. Identifying these parameters can be achieved through modal analysis, which is essential in designing mechanical systems. This paper investigates the vibration characteristics of a cantilever beam, aiming to determine its natural frequency and mode shape using finite element analysis (FEA) software. Determining the natural frequency of a beam involves calculating it based on physical properties and boundary conditions. Identifying the mode shapes of a beam involves recognizing the distinct deformation patterns that occur at specific frequencies. The natural frequencies and mode shapes are obtained using ANSYS software. The study focuses on a mild steel rectangular cantilever beam in a free-fixed condition, computing its modes and natural frequencies through FEA in ANSYS. The results are then utilized for further design processes.