Development of Hybrid Solar Tracking, Wind and AC Mains Based Charging Station with Intelligent Power Management

The proposed Hybrid Solar Tracking, Wind Energy, and AC Mains Based EV Charging Station provides a sustainable and reliable approach for renewable-energy-powered electric vehicle charging. The system combines a 30 W solar panel with an LDR-based automatic tracking mechanism, enabling the panel to follow the direction of maximum sunlight and improve energy harvesting. A 10 W wind turbine provides additional renewable power during suitable wind conditions. The generated energy is regulated using a DC-DC boost converter and stored in a rechargeable battery for later use. An optional AC mains supply provides backup power whenever renewable generation is insufficient. The Arduino controller, L298 motor driver, voltage sensor, and LCD display enable automatic tracking, monitoring, and basic system control. The stored battery energy can supply the EV charging unit and DC loads, while an inverter supports AC loads. Overall, the proposed system demonstrates the feasibility of integrating multiple renewable sources with energy storage and backup supply, reducing dependence on conventional electricity and supporting cleaner transportation. The prototype can serve as a foundation for developing larger and more efficient renewable-powered EV charging stations.

[1] A. Bhimaraju and A. Mahesh, “Recent developments in PV/wind hybrid renewable energy systems: A review,” Energy Systems, 2024, doi: 10.1007/s12667-024-00679-3. [2] M. Thirunavukkarasu, Y. Sawle, and H. Lala, “A comprehensive review on optimization of hybrid renewable energy systems using various optimization techniques,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 176, p. 113192, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2023.113192. [3] S. Basnet, K. Deschinkel, L. Le Moyne, and M.-C. Péra, “A review on recent standalone and grid integrated hybrid renewable energy systems: System optimization and energy management strategies,” Renewable Energy Focus, vol. 46, pp. 103–125, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.ref.2023.06.001. [4] J. C. León Gómez, S. E. De León Aldaco, and J. Aguayo Alquicira, “A review of hybrid renewable energy systems: Architectures, battery systems, and optimization techniques,” Eng, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 1446–1467, 2023, doi: 10.3390/eng4020084. [5] A. Giedraityte, S. Rimkevicius, M. Marciukaitis, V. Radziukynas, and R. Bakas, “Hybrid renewable energy systems—A review of optimization approaches and future challenges,” Applied Sciences, vol. 15, no. 4, p. 1744, 2025, doi: 10.3390/app15041744. [6] A. Kechida, D. Gozim, B. Toual, M. M. Alharthi, T. F. Agajie, S. M. S. Ghoneim, and R. N. R. Ghaly, “Smart control and management for a renewable energy based stand-alone hybrid system,” Scientific Reports, vol. 14, p. 32039, 2024, doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-83826-1. [7] Y. F. Nassar, S. Y. Alsadi, H. J. El-Khozondar, M. S. Ismail, M. Al-Maghalseh, T. Khatib, et al., “Design of an isolated renewable hybrid energy system: A case study,” Materials for Renewable and Sustainable Energy, vol. 11, pp. 225–240, 2022, doi: 10.1007/s40243-022-00216-1. [8] N. M. Rasool, S. Abbasoğlu, and M. Hashemıpour, “Analysis and optimizes of hybrid wind and solar photovoltaic generation system for off-grid small village,” Journal of Energy Systems, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 176–187, 2022, doi: 10.30521/jes.985078. [9] M. D. Hossen, M. F. Islam, M. F. Ishraque, S. A. Shezan, and S. M. Arifuzzaman, “Design and implementation of a hybrid solar-wind-biomass renewable energy system considering meteorological conditions with the power system performances,” International Journal of Photoenergy, vol. 2022, Art. no. 8792732, 2022, doi: 10.1155/2022/8792732. [10] A. Bansal, “Sizing and forecasting techniques in photovoltaic-wind based hybrid renewable energy system: A review,” Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 369, Art. no. 133376, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.133376.