Development of Self-Regulating Irrigation System

The increasing demand for efficient water management in agriculture has led to the development of intelligent irrigation systems. This paper presents a self-regulating irrigation system that automates water supply based on real-time soil and environmental conditions. The system utilizes soil moisture, temperature, and humidity sensors to continuously monitor field parameters. A microcontroller processes the sensor data and compares it with predefined threshold values to control irrigation through a water pump and solenoid valve. The system operates only when required, thereby minimizing water wastage and reducing human intervention. Experimental analysis demonstrates that the system responds rapidly to variations in soil moisture and maintains optimal conditions for crop growth. The integration of environmental parameters enhances decision-making accuracy and overall system efficiency. The proposed system is cost-effective, reliable, and suitable for small and medium-scale agricultural applications. It contributes to sustainable farming practices by optimizing water usage and improving productivity.