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Paper ID:IJSREM67219

Digital Transformation of Insulin Therapy: A Comprehensive Review of Smart Insulin Pens

Stream/Area:

-

Subject:

-

Paper ID:

IJSREM67219

Volume:

10 |

9 |

Sep 2026

Pages:

1-6

Publication Frequency:

Monthly (12 issues per year)

DOI
Digital Object Identifier
Not assigned

License:International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management follows the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) License, allowing free use and distribution with proper attribution.

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Authors

SA

Sasubilli Akshaya

Pharmaceutical Technology

AU College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University

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CT

Choudari Tarun

Pharmaceutical Technology

AU College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University

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DPS

Dr. P Shailaja

Pharmaceutical Technology

AU College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University

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CA

Ch. Amulya

Pharmaceutical Technology

AU College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University

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Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistently high blood glucose levels resulting from impaired insulin production, action, or both. Insulin therapy is essential for individuals with Type 1 diabetes and many with advanced Type 2 diabetes, but maintaining optimal glucose control remains challenging. Common issues include missed injections, dosing errors, incorrect calculations, and poor record-keeping. Smart insulin pens have emerged as digitally enabled devices designed to address these challenges. They automatically record insulin doses, provide reminders, and assist with dose calculations. Many devices integrate with smartphone applications and digital health platforms, enabling data sharing with healthcare providers and compatibility with technologies such as continuous glucose monitoring. Evidence suggests that these features can improve treatment adherence, enhance dose accuracy, and help align insulin administration with glucose trends. This may lead to increased time within target glucose range and a reduction in both hyperglycemic and hypoglycemic events. Additionally, smart pens can support telemedicine and data-driven, personalized treatment decisions. Despite these advantages, limitations include higher costs, technological accessibility barriers, and data privacy concerns. Overall, smart insulin pens represent a significant advancement in diabetes management by combining insulin delivery with digital support to improve safety, precision, and patient engagement.

KEYWORDS

Diabetes mellitus Smart insulin pens Insulin therapy Glycemic control Digital health.

Cite This Article

Sasubilli Akshaya, Choudari Tarun, Dr. P Shailaja, Ch. Amulya, "Digital Transformation of Insulin Therapy: A Comprehensive Review of Smart Insulin Pens," International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management, vol. 10, no. 9, pp. 1-6, Sep 2026.

Full Article/Conclusion

Smart insulin pens represent a meaningful advancement in insulin therapy, addressing many of the practical limitations associated with traditional injection devices. By combining automatic dose logging, bolus-calculation support, and connectivity with digital health platforms, these devices help improve adherence, dosing accuracy, and clinical decision-making. While challenges related to cost, connectivity, and interoperability remain, continued technological development and broader integration with artificial intelligence and continuous glucose monitoring systems are expected to further enhance their clinical value. As the digital health ecosystem for diabetes management continues to evolve, smart insulin pens are likely to play an increasingly central role in supporting personalized, data-driven diabetes care.

References

1.    Blaslov K, Naranda FS, Kruljac I, Renar IP. Treatment approach to type 2 diabetes: Past, present and future. World J Diabetes. 2018 Dec 15;9(12):209–219. 2.    Mudaliar S. The evolution of insulin delivery: From syringes to smart pens. J Indian Inst Sci. 2023;105(3):245–260. 3.    Masierek M, Nabrdalik K, Janota O, Kwiendacz H, Gumprecht J, Lip GYH. The Review of Insulin Pens: Past, Present, and Look to the Future. Front Endocrinol. 2022 Mar;13:827484. 4.    Cranston I, Redmond S, Zang W, Anderson A, Bahl S. Clinical, Economic, and Patient-Reported Outcomes with Smart Insulin Pens: A Systematic Review. Adv Ther. 2023;40:2015–2037. 5.    Lingen K, Wright E, Bonner A. Advantages and disadvantages of connected insulin pen devices. Endocr Connect. 2023;12(11):e230108. 6.    Kesavadev J, Saboo B, Krishna MB, Krishnan G. Evolution of Insulin Delivery Devices: From Syringes, Pens, and Pumps to DIY Artificial Pancreas. Diabetes Ther. 2020;11:1251–1269. 7.    Joshi S, Deshmukh V, Bhagwat N. Advancements in Insulin Delivery Technology: A Review. Int J Diabetes Technol. 2023;2(1). 8.    Klonoff DC, Kerr D. Smart Pens Will Improve Insulin Therapy. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2018;12(3):551–553. 9.    Heinemann L, Kaiser C, Freckmann G, et al. Digital Diabetes Management: A Review of Insulin Dose Titration Approaches. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2022;16(3):587–595. 10.  Walsh J, Roberts R. The smart insulin pen [Internet]. Diabetesnet; 2025 Sep 11 [cited 2026 Mar 10].

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Publication Date

9/12/2026

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Double-Blind Peer Review

Review Rounds: 2

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