Digital Watermarking: Innovations and Recent Developments

The development in technology has facilitated the creation and collection of large volumes of data, mostly images. Nevertheless, there are still challenges in terms of protection, associated with the need to protect people from violating the rules of using someone else’s data in accordance with privacy regulations. In the more recent past, the use of deep learning-based models has seen increased interest due to their capability of embedding and extracting adaptive watermarks while ensuring visually pleasing results with resilience to geometrical manipulations as well as adversarial attacks. The combination of classical and intelligent approaches for watermarking has also shown enhanced results in the context of security and robustness. While significant progress has been made, there is still much room left for improvement when balancing invisibility, robustness, and computational complexity. Thus, this review paper explores the use of a state of art watermarking techniques.