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Stream/Area:
-
Subject:
-
Paper ID:
IJSREM67360
Volume:
10 |
9 |
Sep 2026
Pages:
1-8
Publication Frequency:
Monthly (12 issues per year)
License:International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management follows the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) License, allowing free use and distribution with proper attribution.
Department of computer science & engineering
VIKRANT UNIVERSITY, GWALIOR
Department of computer science & engineering
VIKRANT UNIVERSITY, GWALIOR
The rapid adoption of wearable Internet of Things (WIoT) devices has enabled continuous monitoring, remote healthcare, fitness tracking, activity recognition, and personalized services. However, wearable devices generate and transmit sensitive information while operating under severe computational, memory, communication, and energy constraints. Conventional authentication and encryption mechanisms may impose significant overhead on such resource-constrained platforms and may expose sensitive identity information during authentication. This paper proposes an efficient zero-knowledge-based cryptographic mechanism for securing wearable Internet of Things environments. The proposed approach uses zero-knowledge proofs (ZKPs) to enable a wearable device to demonstrate possession of a valid secret without directly revealing the secret or sensitive identity attributes. A lightweight authenticated communication layer is incorporated to provide confidentiality and integrity after successful authentication. The proposed architecture consists of a wearable device, a trusted registration authority, a mobile or edge gateway, and a cloud service. The protocol incorporates challenge-response authentication, ephemeral session keys, nonce-based replay protection, and privacy-preserving device authentication. The design is intended to reduce communication and computational overhead while maintaining strong security properties. Security analysis focuses on impersonation, replay, man-in-the-middle, credential disclosure, device tracking, and session-key compromise attacks. Performance evaluation can be conducted using authentication latency, proof-generation time, proof-verification time, communication overhead, memory consumption, and energy consumption as primary metrics. The proposed mechanism provides a research framework for combining zero-knowledge authentication with lightweight cryptography in resource-constrained wearable IoT environments.
KEYWORDS
This paper presented an efficient zero-knowledge-based cryptographic framework for securing wearable Internet of Things environments. The proposed mechanism combines privacy-preserving ZKP authentication with fresh session-key establishment and authenticated encryption. The architecture is designed to address the distinctive security and resource constraints of wearable devices while reducing the need to disclose long-term authentication secrets. The research emphasizes that security and efficiency must be evaluated together. A ZKP mechanism should not be considered suitable for wearable IoT solely because of its theoretical privacy properties; proof-generation cost, verification latency, memory requirements, communication overhead, and energy consumption must also be experimentally measured. Existing research on lightweight wearable cryptography and recent ZKP-based IoT systems provides a foundation for such an evaluation. IJARCSE+2 The proposed framework can therefore serve as a foundation for developing and experimentally validating privacy-preserving authentication protocols for next-generation wearable IoT systems.
1. Fagan, M., Megas, K., Marron, J., Brady, K., Cuthill, B., Herold, R., Lemire, D., & Hoehn, N. IoT Device Cybersecurity Guidance for the Federal Government: Establishing IoT Device Cybersecurity Requirements. NIST SP 800-213, 2021. NIST Computer Security Resource Center 2. Fagan, M., et al. IoT Device Cybersecurity Requirement Catalog. NIST SP 800-213A, 2021. NIST 3. Lightweight authentication protocols for wearable devices. Computers & Electrical Engineering, 63, 196–208, 2017. ScienceDirect 4. Ramezan, G., & Meamari, E. zk-IoT: Securing the Internet of Things with Zero-Knowledge Proofs on Blockchain Platforms, 2024. arXiv 5. Maximizing privacy and security of collaborative indoor positioning using zero-knowledge proofs. Internet of Things, 22, 100801, 2023. ScienceDirect 6. Bindewari, S. Lightweight Cryptographic Protocols for Wearable Health Devices, 2025. IJARCSE 7. Commey, D., Hounsinou, S., & Crosby, G. PUFZIN: Secure and scalable blockchain-IoT with PUFs and zero-knowledge proofs. Journal of Information Security and Applications, 100, 104510, 2026. ScienceDirect 8. Anwar et al. An Energy-Conscious, Regulation-Ready and Formally Verified Security Protocol for Low-Power Medical and Safety Devices, 2026. IET
Publication Date
9/19/2026
Peer Review Type
Double-Blind Peer Review
Review Rounds: 2
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Conflict of Interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest related to this research work.
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