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Paper ID:IJSREM68038

Enhanced LoRa-Based Underground Communication Using Repeaters for Range Extension

Stream/Area:

-

Subject:

-

Paper ID:

IJSREM68038

Volume:

10 |

10 |

Oct 2026

Pages:

1-6

Publication Frequency:

Monthly (12 issues per year)

DOI
Digital Object Identifier
10.55041/IJSREM68038

License:International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management follows the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) License, allowing free use and distribution with proper attribution.

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Authors

DSM

Dr. Sudhamalla Mallesh

Electronics and Communication Engineering

CMR Technical Campus

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GNCM

Gorrepati Naga Chandra Madhuri

Electronics and Communication Engineering

CMR Technical Campus

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GA

Ghodke Anish

Electronics and Communication Engineering

CMR Technical Campus

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VTPK

Vucha Teja Prem Kumar

Electronics and Communication Engineering

CMR Technical Campus

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BVG

Bhagyam Vishal Goud

Electronics and Communication Engineering

CMR Technical Campus

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Abstract

Reliable communication in underground mining environments remains a major challenge due to signal attenuation, tunnel obstructions, and the absence of conventional communication infrastructure. This project proposes an enhanced underground communication system using LoRa technology integrated with repeater nodes to improve long-range data transmission inside mining tunnels. The system consists of a transmitter node, repeater node, and receiver node built using Espress if Systems ESP32 controllers and Ai-Thinker SX1276 LoRa transceiver modules operating at 433 MHz . The transmitter node collects environmental and safety-related data through sensors such as temperature, humidity, and vibration sensors. This data is transmitted through a repeater node, which strengthens and forwards the signal to the receiver node located at a distant monitoring point. At the receiver side, an OLED display and buzzer provide real-time monitoring and alert generation. The repeater-based design improves signal coverage, reduces packet loss, and increases communication reliability in non-line-of-sight underground conditions. Performance evaluation is carried out using parameters such as RSSI, SNR, packet delivery efficiency, and communication range. The proposed system offers a low-cost, energy-efficient, and scalable solution for miner safety monitoring and emergency communication in underground mining operations. The system can also be expanded by deploying multiple repeater nodes to further extend communication coverage across large underground mining areas.

KEYWORDS

LoRa Underground Communication Repeater Nodes ESP32 Wireless Sensor Monitoring.

Cite This Article

Dr. Sudhamalla Mallesh, Gorrepati Naga Chandra Madhuri, Ghodke Anish, Vucha Teja Prem Kumar, Bhagyam Vishal Goud, "Enhanced LoRa-Based Underground Communication Using Repeaters for Range Extension," International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management, vol. 10, no. 10, pp. 1-6, Oct 2026. https://doi.org/10.55041/IJSREM68038

Full Article/Conclusion

The project “Enhanced LoRa Based Underground Communication for Mining Using Repeaters” focuses on improving communication in underground mining environments. Underground areas usually face signal loss and communication difficulties due to obstacles and long tunnels. In this system, the ESP32 microcontroller collects data from sensors such as the DHT11 sensor and vibration sensor. The data is displayed on the OLED display and alerts are generated using a buzzer during abnormal conditions. The LoRa RA-02 module with a whip antenna is used for long-range wireless communication. Repeaters are used to extend the communication range inside tunnels. This system provides reliable monitoring and improves safety for miners in underground environmentsora humidity and temperature outpu

References

[1]                     A. R. Chowdhury, S. C. Bakshi, A. Pramanik, and G. C. Roy, “Design and Study of LoRa-Based IIoT Network for Underground Coal Mine Environment,” IEEE Access, vol. 13, pp. 4985–4986, 2025. [2]                     A. RayChowdhury, A. Pramanik, and G. C. Roy, “New Approach for Localization and Smart Data Transmission Inside Underground Mine Environment,” SN Applied Sciences, vol. 3, no. 604, 2021. [3]..  D. Lundell, A. Hedberg, C. Nyberg, and E. Fitzgerald, “A Routing Protocol for LoRa Mesh Networks,” in IEEE WoWMoM 2018, 2018, pp. 14–19. [4]..  H. C. Lee and K. H. Ke, “Monitoring of Large-Area IoT Sensors Using a LoRa Wireless Mesh Network System: Design and Evaluation,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 67, no. 9, pp. 2177– 2187, 2018. [5] K. Lin and T. Hao, “Experimental Link Quality Analysis for LoRa-Based Wireless Underground Sensor Networks,” IEEE Internet of Things Journal, vol. 8, no. 8, pp. 6565–6578, Apr. 2021. [6].  C. Ebi, F. Schaltegger, A. Rüst, and F. Blumensaat, “Synchronous LoRa Mesh Network to Monitor Processes in Underground Infrastructure,” IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp. 57663–57676, 2019. [7].. L. Emmanuel, W. Farjow, and X. Fernando, “LoRa Wireless Link Performance in Multipath Underground Mines,” in Proc. International Conference on Innovation and Intelligence for Informatics, Computing, and Technologies (3ICT), 2019. [8]..  P. Branch, B. Li, and K. Zhao, “A LoRa-Based Linear Sensor Network for Location Data in Underground Mining,” Telecom, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 68–79, Jul. 2020.

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Publication Date

10/16/2026

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