Enhancing Concrete Sustainability with Recycled Materials: A Comprehensive Review of Literature

This paper critically reviews recent advancements and key findings related to sustainability and the integration of recycled materials in concrete production, based on comprehensive analyses presented in existing literature. It explores in depth the implications of using recycled aggregates derived from construction and demolition waste (CDW), furnace bottom ash, and supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), such as fly ash and slag. The reviewed studies consistently indicate that the strategic incorporation of these recycled and industrial by-products significantly enhances the mechanical strength, durability, and structural performance of concrete. Further, these practices substantially mitigate environmental impacts through waste reduction, decreased extraction of virgin raw materials, and minimized carbon emissions. Moreover, literature demonstrates that incorporating innovative treatments and optimized mix designs is crucial to addressing challenges such as reduced mechanical performance from repeated recycling cycles and potential environmental risks associated with chemical leachates. Economic analyses included in the reviewed papers reveal additional advantages, showing notable cost reductions, improved resource efficiency, and economic sustainability. Collectively, the findings advocate for widespread adoption and continued development of sustainable concrete practices, emphasizing their critical role in achieving long-term sustainability objectives within the construction industry.