Enhancing EV Charging Efficiency Through Regenerative Braking and Battery Management Systems

This paper presents the development of an advanced Battery Management System (BMS) for electric vehicles (EVs), designed to enhance battery performance, safety, and overall system efficiency. Utilizing the ESP32 microcontroller, the proposed BMS integrates regenerative braking technology to recover and convert kinetic energy during deceleration into usable electrical energy. Real-time monitoring is implemented through a network of sensors—including voltage, temperature, current, and flame sensors—to ensure precise power management and early hazard detection. The system incorporates a DC motor and inverter kit to facilitate efficient energy conversion and maximize the recovery of regenerative energy, thereby extending the driving range and improving energy utilization. This innovative approach not only supports sustainability by improving energy efficiency and battery lifespan but also addresses critical safety and reliability concerns in modern electric vehicle systems.