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ArticlePeer ReviewedOpen AccessPlagiarism Passed
Paper ID:IJSREM67120

Essential Elixir: Harnessing Antioxidant Power to Combat Staphyloxanthin-Producing Staphylococcus Aureus

Stream/Area:

-

Subject:

-

Paper ID:

IJSREM67120

Volume:

10 |

9 |

Sep 2026

Pages:

1-7

Publication Frequency:

Monthly (12 issues per year)

DOI
Digital Object Identifier
10.55041/IJSREM67120

License:International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management follows the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) License, allowing free use and distribution with proper attribution.

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Authors

KDK

Kavita D. Khobragade

Microbiology

Mahatma Gandhi Arts, Science and Late N. P. Commerce College, Armori, India

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VUT

Vaishali Uday Thool

Microbiology

Sardar Patel Mahavidyalaya, Chandrapur, India

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Abstract

In the battle against S. aureus infections and the growing crisis of antibiotic resistance, health departments are facing challenges and exploring alternative treatments such as antivirulence drugs. Staphyloxanthin (STX), protects S. aureus against neutrophil-mediated eradication by providing antioxidant properties, has emerged as a novel target for antivirulence therapy. Stripping off this pivotal pigment from STX-producing S. aureus (SPSA) strains is a promising approach. Plant-derived products, specifically Essential Oils (EOs) natural antioxidants are complex mixtures of secondary metabolites derived from aromatic plants and offer a rational strategy to tackle the complexities associated with SPSA infections presenting an intriguing avenue for therapy.This study correlates antioxidant activity with sensitivity patterns of 16 EOs employed in the battle against SPSA. Clove EO (98.9%) exhibited exceptional antioxidant activity, closely followed by cinnamon (98.06%), thyme (92.79%), peppermint (80.43%), and tea tree (77.22%) EOs. Tulsi, eucalyptus, and ginger EO had moderate activity, while lemon, orange, lemongrass, linseed, castor, mustard, sunflower, and sesame exhibited poor antioxidant activity. Statistical analysis was used to assess their sensitivity patterns. This study demonstrates a significant linear correlation (p < 0.05) between the antioxidant activity and sensitivity patterns of EOs, suggesting that EOs with strong antioxidant properties may effectively inhibit SPSA isolates. These results highlight the potential of EOs as effective agents in combatting SPSA infections and aiding targeted therapies to counter S. aureus infections. By harnessing the natural antioxidant properties of EOs, it may develop innovative approaches to address the challenges posed by S. aureus infections and the antibiotic resistance crisis.

KEYWORDS

S. aureus infection Antivirulence Staphyloxanthin Essential Oils Therapetic activity

Cite This Article

Kavita D. Khobragade, Vaishali Uday Thool, "Essential Elixir: Harnessing Antioxidant Power to Combat Staphyloxanthin-Producing Staphylococcus Aureus," International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management, vol. 10, no. 9, pp. 1-7, Sep 2026. https://doi.org/10.55041/IJSREM67120

Full Article/Conclusion

The general observation indicates that EOs can be utilized as therapeutic agents in the treatment of S. aureus infections especially SPSA-causing strains on the basis of their antioxidant property, they suppress the formation of STX, stimulate immune response and promote clinical outcome. The insights can be useful in considering the application of EO as alternative treatment of multidrug-resistant strains, as such approach is natural and may be rather effective. Nevertheless, additional in vivo and clinical studies are required to confirm the effectiveness, safety, and the potential of EOs as supplementary treatment to conventional antibiotics. Also, in future studies, emphasis must be made on the identification of particular constituents and action mechanisms of synergistic interactions between the various constituents in EOs that are involved in their antimicrobial activity against SPSA isolates.

References

Ahmad, A., Khan, A., Akhtar, F., Yousuf, S., Xess, I., Khan, L., and Manzoor, N., 2011. Fungicidal activity of thymol and carvacrol by disrupting ergosterol biosynthesis and membrane integrity against Candida. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 30, 41–50. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-010-1050-8 De Carvalho, S., De Almeida, J., De Freitas, L., Guimaraes, A., Do Nascimento, N., Dos Santos, A., Campos, G., Messick, J., Timenetsky, J., and Marques, L. M., 2019. Genomic profile of Brazilian methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus resembles clones dispersed worldwide. Journal of Medical Microbiology, 68, 693–702. https://doi.org/ 10.1099/jmm.0.000956 Edris, A.E., 2007. Pharmaceutical and therapeutic potentials of essential oils and their individual volatile constituents: a review. Phytotherapy Research, 4, 308-323. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.2072 Escajadillo, T., and Nizet, V., 2018. Pharmacological targeting of pore-forming toxins as adjunctive therapy for invasive bacterial infection. Toxins 10, 542. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/toxins10120542 Hasani-Ranjbar, S., Nayebi, N., Larijani, B., and Abdollahi, M., 2009. A systematic review of the efficacy and safety of herbal medicines used in the treatment of obesity. World J Gastroenterol, 15(25), 3073-3085. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.15.3073 Jorgensen, J. H., Pfaller, M. A., Carroll, K. C., Funke, G., Landry, M. L., Richter, S.S., Warnock, D. W., 2015. Manual of Clinical Microbiology, 11th ed., American Society of Microbiology, Washington, DC. Kulisic, T., Radonic, A., Katalinic, V., Milos, M., 2004. Use of different methods for testing antioxidative activity of oregano essential oil. Food Chemistry, 85 (4), 633-640. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2003.07.024 Kuroda, M., Nagasaki, S., Ito, R., and Ohta, T., 2007.  Sesquiterpene farnesol inhibits recycling of the C55 lipid carrier of the murein monomer precursor contributing to increased susceptibility to β-lactams in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 59, 425–432. https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkl519

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Publication Date

9/5/2026

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