Evaluation of Isoflavone Extract from Glycine max: Spectral Characterization and Osteogenic Potential

The present study successfully extracted and characterised isoflavone-rich fractions from Glycine max (soybean) seed by Soxhlet (ethanolic) and maceration (aqueous) extraction. Preliminary phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of alkaloids, phenolics, carbohydrates, saponins, terpenoids and amino acids, while GC-MS profiling detected a cholesterol-related constituent consistent with the expected sterol/phytoestrogen content of the seed. The MTT assay on the MG-63 osteoblast-lineage cell line demonstrated a clear, concentration-dependent viability profile with an IC50 of 325.87 µg/mL, indicating that the extract is well tolerated at lower concentrations-supporting its suitability for further osteogenic evaluation. Taken together, these findings support Glycine max-derived isoflavones as a promising, plant-based candidate for bone-health management, offering a potentially safer profile than conventional hormone replacement therapy, particularly for postmenopausal women. In vivo studies, dedicated osteogenic-marker assays (ALP activity, mineralisation), bioavailability assessment and eventual clinical evaluation are warranted to substantiate the therapeutic potential indicated by this preliminary work.

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