Evaluation of Zinc Solubilizing Bacterial Isolates for Enhancement of Seed Germination, Plant Growth, and Zinc Biofortification in Wheat (Triticum aestivum) under Pot Conditions

The three zinc solubilizing bacterial isolates significantly improved seed germination, seedling vigour, plant growth, and Zn uptake in wheat under Zn‑deficient soil conditions. Serratia marcescens ZSB 3 was the most effective isolate, supported by both in vitro solubilization data and plant growth parameters. One‑way ANOVA with LSD post‑hoc test provided a robust statistical framework that clearly differentiated the treatments and confirmed the reliability of the results. This study recommends ZSB 3 as a potent bio‑inoculant for enhancing wheat productivity and grain Zn density in Zn‑deficient calcareous soils. Further field evaluation and studies on the underlying molecular mechanisms are warranted to develop a commercial biofertilizer formulation.

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