Experimental Implementation of CNC Based Plotting Machine

A low-cost CNC-based plotting machine has been experimentally implemented using an Arduino Uno, stepper motors, ULN2003 drivers, a servo motor, and open-source software tools. The developed system converts digital images and drawings into G-code instructions and translates these instructions into coordinated mechanical movement for automated plotting. The prototype demonstrates the feasibility of obtaining controlled and repeatable plotting using economical and easily available components. The developed machine consumes relatively low power, has simple construction, and can be transported without significant difficulty. The report further identifies its suitability for drawing PCB layouts, images, and text on solid surfaces and notes that the plotting tool can be replaced with other working heads for expanded applications. Therefore, the proposed system provides an effective educational and small-scale CNC platform while offering substantial scope for further improvements in accuracy, working area, mechanical strength, and multifunctional operation.

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