Exploring Ethnomedicine: An Anthropological Perspective on Traditional and Modern Healthcare

Exploring Ethnomedicine: An Anthropological Perspective on Traditional and Modern Healthcare

Authors:

1. Al-Amin

   Department of Pharmacy, University of Development Alternative (UODA), Dhaka, Bangladesh

   (Main Author)

2. Rodshi Abyaz

   BRAC Business School, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

   (Co-author)

3. Dr. Al Imran

   MBBS, FCGP (Family Medicine), CCD (BIRDEM)

   Department of Medicine, Dhaka National Medical Institute Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh

   (Co-author)

4. Abul Kalam Azad

   Department of Pharmacy, University of Development Alternative (UODA), Dhaka -1217, Bangladesh

   (Corresponding Author)

Key words: Integrative Medicine, Cultural Competence, Bioprospecting, Ethnomedicine, Holistic

Abstract

Ethnomedicine, the complex tradition of medical practices, has always been an important component of human societies. The purpose of this paper is to focus on ethnomedicine from an anthropological perspective, discuss its significance, and describe the interaction between tribal medicine and the modern healthcare system and the innumerable avenues and problems that arise due to their integration. These highlight the holistic nature of traditional medicine, which often contradicts the scientific basis of modern biomedicine. A comprehensive approach that embraces both systems has the potential to improve service delivery, especially in culturally diverse and resource-constrained settings. Drawing from anthropological insights and experiences documented in case studies worldwide, this paper highlights why cultural competence and ethical engagement are essential to effective health practice. The integration of these systems poses challenges but also opens powerful opportunities for enhanced solutions.