Factors Affecting the Performance of Microbial Fuel Cells (MFC)

Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC), as one of the environmentally friendly technologies, converts the chemical energy contained in organic compounds into electrical energy using the metabolism of electrically active microorganisms. These systems have two benefits: they treat different varieties of wastewater and produce clean electricity. However, several obstacles currently impede the extensive application and commercialization of MFCs. These are factors that significantly influence their efficacy and their long-term stability. The optimal index of MFC performances depends on the MFC configuration, type and configuration of the electrodes, substrates, inoculation, microbial community, pH, temperature, extra-temperature shock, membrane properties, as well as the overall reactor design. Though the way the bacteria munch on food and make electricity varies depending on the type of substrate, how easily electrons flow is primarily a function of what the electrode is made of and how much surface area it has. Bacterial growth and the soundness of the system are influenced by pH and Temperature outside the system. The properties of the membrane and its resistance have an intense effect on the motion of ions and overall system performance. We need to fully understand and transfer these interrelated features to actual MFC applications, such as electricity generation, environmental remediation, and resource renewal, to achieve better system integration and lower costs.