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Paper ID:IJSREM64516

FORENSIC ANALYSIS OF WHATSAPP ARTIFACTS ON ANDROID DEVICES

Stream/Area:

-

Subject:

-

Paper ID:

IJSREM64516

Volume:

10 |

6 |

Jun 2026

Pages:

1-8

Publication Frequency:

Monthly (12 issues per year)

DOI
Digital Object Identifier
10.55041/IJSREM64516

License:International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management follows the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) License, allowing free use and distribution with proper attribution.

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Authors

Deenathayalan P

Deenathayalan P

Department of Computer Science

Dr. MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

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Magna Y

Magna Y

Department of Cyber Security

Center of Excellence in Digital Forensics, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

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Abstract

Android devices are now a vital part of everyday life. They store a lot of personal, professional, and location data. This makes them an important source of digital evidence in cybercrime and criminal investigations. WhatsApp is one of the most popular messaging platforms worldwide. It saves a large amount of sensitive communication data, including messages, media files, voice notes, and documents in encrypted formats on Android devices. This project outlines the design and implementation of a Digital Forensic Analysis System. It focuses on extracting, decrypting, and analyzing WhatsApp data from non-rooted Android devices. Unlike traditional forensic tools that need root access to protected system areas, this system uses accessible data paths like encrypted backup files (.crypt12, .crypt14, .crypt15) and WhatsApp media folders. This allows for a methodical extraction process that maintains the integrity and acceptability of digital evidence in legal matters. The system is built as a web-based Flask application. It offers a full forensic investigation workflow that includes case management, device data capture via Android Debug Bridge (ADB), database decryption using extracted key files, chat message parsing, bulk media artifact analysis with EXIF metadata extraction, GPS coordinate recovery, chain-of-custody logging, and automatic generation of PDF and HTML forensic reports. Key integrity features include SHA-256 cryptographic hashing of all extracted evidence files, automatic audit trail creation that records examiner actions with timestamps and hash values, read-only evidence handling to stop data tampering, and thorough chain-of-custody documentation to ensure legal acceptability. The system successfully overcomes the non-root challenge by focusing on accessible storage sections defined by Android's security model. The system was tested with actual Android devices and showed successful extraction of WhatsApp media files, as well as metadata analysis, including GPS location recovery from images, and production of complete forensic reports. It offers law enforcement agencies, digital forensic examiners, and cybersecurity researchers a reliable, open-source option to costly commercial forensic tools.

KEYWORDS

Digital Forensics WhatsApp Artifacts Android Forensics ADB Extraction Crypt14 Decryption Chain of Custody EXIF Metadata Forensic Report Generation Non-Root Acquisition Mobile Device Forensics

Cite This Article

Deenathayalan P, Magna Y, "FORENSIC ANALYSIS OF WHATSAPP ARTIFACTS ON ANDROID DEVICES," International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management, vol. 10, no. 6, pp. 1-8, Jun 2026. https://doi.org/10.55041/IJSREM64516

Full Article/Conclusion

This project successfully created and validated a Digital Forensic Analysis System for WhatsApp artifacts on non-rooted Android devices. The NexForensics platform offers forensic investigators a complete investigation workflow, starting from initial case creation to evidence acquisition, decryption, analysis, and report generation, all within an easy-to-use web interface.  The system fills a significant gap in digital forensic tools by providing features previously found only in expensive commercial options. Key achievements include the successful implementation of automated ADB-based extraction, support for major WhatsApp encryption formats (crypt5 through crypt15), structured message extraction from decrypted databases, bulk EXIF metadata analysis with GPS coordinate recovery, and the generation of legally structured forensic reports with full chain-of-custody documentation.    Testing on real Android devices confirmed the system reliably extracts WhatsApp evidence while maintaining forensic integrity through SHA-256 hashing, read-only file handling, and thorough audit logging. The non-root acquisition method retrieves significant amounts of WhatsApp evidence while keeping device integrity and evidence admissibility intact.  This project shows that modern Python web frameworks, combined with established forensic methods, can create production-quality digital forensic tools accessible to investigators without special programming skills. The modular service design allows for updates to individual components as WhatsApp changes its data storage format without needing a complete system redesign.  The chain-of-custody documentation system creates a legally defensible audit trail of all examiner actions, which is crucial for evidence admissibility. The use of cryptographic hashing at every stage of the evidence lifecycle ensures any tampering with evidence files is quickly detectable. 

References

1.      Android Developers. (2024). ADB (Android Debug Bridge) documentation. Google. https://developer.android.com/studio/command-line/adb 2.      Flask Documentation. (2024). Flask: The Pallets Projects. https://flask.palletsprojects.com/ 3.      Geus, J., Ottmann, J., & Freiling, F. (2024). Systematic evaluation of forensic data acquisition using smartphone local backup. arXiv. https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.12808 4.      Kang, S., Kim, G., Hur, U., & Kim, J. (2024). Forensic analysis of wxSQLite3-encrypted databases and its application. Electronics, 13(7), 1325. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13071325 5.      Pirzada, S., Ab Rahman, N. H., Cahyani, N. D. W., & Othman, M. F. (2024). A framework of forensic analysis and visualization: Using WhatsApp chat data as a case study. International Journal on Informatics Visualization, 8(3). http://dx.doi.org/10.62527/joiv.8.3-2.2868 6.      PyCryptodome Documentation. (2024). PyCryptodome: A self-contained Python package of low-level cryptographic primitives. https://pycryptodome.readthedocs.io/ 7.      ReportLab. (2024). ReportLab PDF library user guide. https://www.reportlab.com/docs/reportlab-userguide.pdf 8.      Soni, N. (2024). Forensic analysis of WhatsApp: A review of techniques, challenges, and future directions. Journal of Forensic Science and Research, 8(1), 19–24. https://doi.org/10.29328/journal.jfsr.1001059 9.      University of the Bundeswehr Munich. (2024). Data synthesis is going mobile: On community-driven dataset generation for Android devices. International Conference on IT Security Incident Management & IT Forensics (IMF 2024). 10.   Alharbi, M., Alotaibi, R., & Alqahtani, S. (2024). Digital forensic acquisition techniques for Android smartphones: Challenges and opportunities. Journal of Digital Forensics, Security and Law, 19(2), 45–61.

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Publication Date

6/4/2026

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Double-Blind Peer Review

Review Rounds: 2

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